Environment, anthu zamoyo padziko lathuli

Tiyeni ndiulendo pafupifupi ya osiyanasiyana wamoyo dziko lapansi, zolengedwa zosiyanasiyana mitundu ina amene pali anthu opitirira mamiliyoni awiri. Ndipo angati koma kuti anapeza ndi sayansi? Today tikambirana ndi inu, kunyumba kwa zamoyo padziko lathuli, malo dzina ndi malo amene iwo akhoza kukhalapo. Koma choyamba, tiyeni tinene mawu ochepa za mawu ntchito ndi ife.

Habitat zinthu zamoyo

Kodi zikutanthauzanji malo? Ichi ndi malo omwe kwenikweni, nkutenga moyo wa zamoyo. Ndipo ngati chiyambi chake si ogwirizana ndi moyo wa zolengedwa, zikutanthauza kuti tiyenera kulimbana ndi chilengedwe zopanda moyo (abiotic).

Mitundu ya anthu olankhula

Mu sayansi ya amitundu inayi TV oyenera moyo: nthaka, madzi, mpweya pansi. Chachinayi pakati pa asayansi okha kuvomereza zinthu zimene pogona kwa zolengedwa, majeremusi, amene ntchito ntchito zawo zina zofunika kwa thupi la nyama kapena zomera wamoyo.

Udindo wa chilengedwe

1. thupi wapeza malo chakudya. A chilengedwe makamaka, nayenso akhoza kuchepetsa kufalitsa zolengedwa munthu mu mlengalenga anthu zamoyo padziko lathuli. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa frosts kwambiri kudera lozizira akhoza moyo mitundu ochepa. Mu Sahara chipululu, kumene apamwamba zotheka kutentha, apulumuke ena, ndi malo ambiri a zamoyo ndi mtundu wa chotchinga, chopinga kuti sangathe kugonjetsa.
2. Lachitatu, anthu zamoyo padziko lathuli, osati zipangitsa kukhalapo ndi anatengera. Zingamvekere zamoyo izi, kuwachititsa kusintha, kusintha iwo. Ndipo chifukwa cha kupulumuka kwa Zamphamvu ndi khola kwambiri mawonekedwe.
3. Moyo ndi ntchito za zolengedwa, nawonso, komanso ndi zotsatira mwachilungamo amphamvu pa malo enieni, nthawi zina ngakhale ntchito zachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, zomera amakonda kumasula mpweya mu mlengalenga kuti amakhala bwino ake akufuna. Koma zomera ambiri amawononga ntchito zawo kulenga dongosolo nthaka, pali microclimate wapadera abwino chitukuko cha zamoyo zina, monga bowa kapena mabakiteriya. Kuyambira Lachitatu, anthu zamoyo padziko lapansili Ndipotu zinthu zambiri zooneka ndi zinthu izi.

madzi

Izi ndi akale kwambiri a mapangidwe kudziwika. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi, moyo Padziko Lapansi unachokera mu madzi a m'nyanja kuti anaphimba nthawi akale aja dziko lonse. Ndipo kale ndiye kufalitsa dongosolo nthaka. Koma si onse matupi a madzi oyenera moyo. Mwachitsanzo, pa wamkulu kuya kwa nyanja Black (m'munsimu mamita 200) pali zili mkulu wa sulfide wa hydrogen, choncho pali moyo zosatheka. Ndi madzi ambiri a m'mphepete mwa nyanja nyanja ndi nyanja M'malo mwake, kuchuluka kwake ndi zodabwitsa. Madzi, kunyumba kwa zamoyo padziko lathuli - chilengedwe ndi yabwino kwambiri. A zambiri nsomba, nkhono, algae amakonda kumeneko. M'gulu la anthu chilengedwe m'madzi, pali anthu ena amene ali ndi kupuma mpweya, m'pofunika nthawi ukuonekera kuya kwa nyanja: gulu la anamgumi amitundu, mwachitsanzo.

Ground mpweya

Ndi kunyumba kwa ambiri a nyama (kuphatikizapo munthu), mbalame, zomera apamwamba. Ndipo tizilombo ambiri amakhala ndi mitundu TV: zikamera m'nthaka ndi kukhalapo anapitirizabe pansi mpweya. Yemweyo amapita achule mu mutu wa kuphatikiza amaona.

nthaka

nthaka pali chinyezi ndi zakudya. Choncho zamoyo ambiri amakonda ngati malo yabwino. Zikuphatikizapo zosiyanasiyana mabakiteriya ndi bowa, tizilombo (mayendedwe amoyo amene akuyamba chilengedwe nthaka), ena nyama, arachnids, nyongolotsi. Choncho, munthu centimeter lalikulu la wakuda lapansi umene mwamantha mamiliyoni zamoyo - mabakiteriya amene maso wamaliseche.

chilengedwe wachinayi - zamoyo

Ena zamoyo ndi yabwino malo kwa tizilombo (mabakiteriya a yemweyo, mwachitsanzo). Mwachitsanzo, m'mimba mwa ng'ombe pafupifupi hafu ya kulemera zimatengera amagwiritsa ntchito ngati nkhuni ndi ongokhala tizilombo kuti kuthandiza chimbudzi. Koma mwa angelo amenewa pali majeremusi yotulutsa tizilombo microflora, amene ndi ena "mbuye" ndende akhoza kukhala odwala ndi kufa.

Information zili m'nkhani mwina ntchito phunziro pa mutu wakuti "Kodi kunyumba zamoyo padziko lathuli wamoyo?" (Kalasi 5).