Luis Corvalan: Wambiri ndi Banja

Luis Corvalan (chithunzi anatengedwa kenako m'nkhani) - mmodzi wa atsogoleri a Party Communist la Chile. thandizo lake zinali zofunika kudza kwa mphamvu, mu 1970, Salvador Allende, woyamba osankhidwa Marxist mutu wa boma mu Western lapansi. Iye anafa Santiago, July 21, 2010 pa msinkhu wa zaka 93. The Party Communist la Chile analengeza imfa yake ndi "chisoni chachikulu."

angakuthandizeni Allende

Gulu limene linali mabungwe waukulu chikominisi ku Latin America, wakhala chamankhwala chodalirika wa mgwirizano kumanzere kutsogozedwa ndi dokotala ndi mtsogoleri wa Socialist Allende. Mosathandizidwa, chikominisi ndi kupambana kwake ku chisankho cha Pulezident malire kakang'ono mu 1970 sizingatheke.

Allende, amene nationalized makampani Chile pa utsogoleri wake wa dziko, anadzipha iye akugwetsedwa mu chiwembu asilikali mu 1973, Corvalan, mlangizi ake apamtima anathawa zokhumba za. mwana wake yekhayo anazunzidwa, koma iye anakana kuulula kuli bambo ake.

Pa tsiku la 70

Kenako HRC mtsogoleri anapezeka ndi m'ndende. zaka zitatu padziko lonse zinkamveka mawu: "Freedom for Luis Corvalan!". Pomaliza, December 18, 1976 mu Zurich ndege anatenga kuwombola ake kwa dissident Soviet Vladimir Bukovsky.

Brezhnev, amene 70 chikumbutso anali kukondwerera tsiku lotsatira, anaumirira mphatso imeneyi. Chile anali abwino wake wa American chikominisi Latin ndi amene angakuthandizeni kwambiri ndi USSR.

Corvalan amachokera chilengedwe wamba. Iye anakhala mmodzi wa chikominisi olemekezeka kwambiri ku South America m'zaka makumi atatu akutsogolera Chile Communist Party. Iye mosamalitsa anatsatira mzere chipani, anaika mu Moscow, mpaka thandizo Nkhondoyo Union a Soviet la Czechoslovakia mu 1968 ndi kumene mu mzere womwewo anthu ochuluka oyitanira mogwirizana kwambiri ndi anthu amene sanali achikomyunizimu Luis Corvalan anati maganizo amayendetsera. "Ife musaike Democrats onse Mkhristu m'dengu limodzi" - adati kwa Congress cha Communist Party wa Czechoslovakia, kulankhula za mabungwe amene ali kudzanja lamanja la Mgwirizano Marxist.

wotsutsa Allende

Corvalan kudzudzulidwa kasamalidwe zachuma zokomera Pulezidenti ndi ubwenzi yekha kwa amakopeka ogwirizana ambiri mu mgwirizano kusintha mfuti kalembedwe Cuba. Osati kukhala ndi mantha kuyang'ana zachuma ndiwofatsa, iye ananena kuti chigamulo Allende kukweza malipiro ogwira ntchito popanda kuwonjezera zokolola anali chifukwa cha kufufuma.

Luis Corvalan anali wotsimikiza zokwanira kutsutsa pulezidenti panokha, kuti adatsikira tife anayamba kubwereza. Allende "anasonyeza zizindikiro za stagnation," analemba mtolankhani Corvalan mu 1997, ananenanso kuti "kayendedwe anthu ali patsogolo patsogolo kuposa iye."

Kupingasa cha maganizo kwambiri mwapang'ono pankhani zofuna za Party Communist. Mutapita ku China mu 1959, apasa njira mayiko Marxism. Koma pamene mu 1961 ubale pakati China ndi Russia mabodza Corvalan natsutsa Maoism.

Iye anasankhidwa Chile a Communist Party mlembi wamkulu mu 1958 ndipo unachitikira positi mpaka 1990.

Luis Corvalan: yonena

Luis Nikolas Korvalan Lepes (Kenako anagwetsa kalata lotsiriza la dzina la mayi, kukhala Lepe) anabadwa September 14, 1916, ku Pelluko, pafupi Puerto Montt kum'mwera Chile. Iye anali mmodzi wa abale asanu ndi alongo. mayi ake ankagwira ntchito yosoka zovala ndi. Pamene Luis anali 5, bambo ake anasiya banja. The mnyamata aphunzira kuwerenga ndi thandizo la mayi wina, amene ankakhala pafupi.

Corvalan anali kuphunzira kuti akhale mphunzitsi mu mphunzitsi Tome ndipo analandira dipuloma mu 1934, koma ngakhale kale, mu 1932, anapeza ntchito ngati wolemba ndi mkonzi wa nyuzipepala chikominisi "Front anthu", "Century" ndi ena. Ulaliki wake wa Chile inali kulamulidwa anthu ndi kwa anthu.

The Party Communist inaletsedwa mu 1947, ndipo Luis Corvalan anali ku msasa wa chibalo mu Pisagua. Pambuyo legalization wa HRC mu 1958 anasankhidwa kukhala bungwe mzinda wa Concepcion ndi kawiri m'chigawo Kazembe Nyuble ndi Aconcagua ndi Valparaiso.

Luis Corvalan: Banja

Mtsogoleri tsogolo la Party Communist la Czechoslovakia anakwatira Lily CASTILLO Riquelme mu 1946 mu mzinda wa Valparaiso. Anali ndi ana anayi: mwana Luis Alberto ndi ana atatu. Mwana uja wamwalira atadwala nthenda ya mtima mu Bulgaria zaka 28. mkazi ndi ana ake awiri, Vivian ndi Maria Victoria, anapulumuka Corvalan.

angakuthandizeni kiyi

Mu 1970, ndi Party Communist la Chile anali zikwi 50. Anthu, Kudzaupanga Mbali yaikulu ya Mgwirizano wa pambuyo Allende Nazi. Corvalan Party chinaoneka monga nthumwi ya mphamvu zonse chikominisi of America South, kupambana kwake mu masankho chidwi. Ndipo anaoneratu kukopa kwake kukula. Ndi 70 chaka TH wa HRC anali 20% ya mavoti onse. mamembala ake anali ngati anthu otchuka monga wolemba ndakatulo Pablo Neruda, wolemba Francisco Koloane ndi songwriter Victor Jara.

Komabe, chikominisi m'dera ankatengedwa zolimbitsa, ndi Corvalan kosangalatsa. "Pedantic kulankhula, wonyong'onya zachikale zovala Zake ndi zipewa zimawoneka si choti kuuzira achinyamata Chile" - nyuzipepala "New York Times" mu 1968.

Ndipo Corvalan anayamba kusintha chifaniziro chake. Iye anayamba kuvala zikulumikizana owala, kumwetulira pa kamera ndi naonekera ndi Communist achinyamata mini-masiketi.

junta

Pinochet ndi zokhumba September 11, 1973 kutha khama la Mgwirizano boma National. Zikwizikwi za anthu aphedwa, kumangidwa kapena kuzunzidwa. Pambuyo boma la Allende anaponyedwa kunja ndipo anathamanga Corvalan, lankhondo lamphamvu kuthamangitsa iye, anamangidwa mwana wake Luis Alberto. Iye anazunzidwa, koma adakhala chete.

Malinga ndi atolankhani Chile Corvalan anakwanitsa kuthawa zikomo kwa mkazi ndi ana ake.

pomaliza

Corvalan koma posakhalitsa anatulukira ndipo anamangidwa. Mu October 1973, kuphedwa likuchedwa chifukwa mkangano waukulu mu United Nations. The nthumwi Chile kunena kuti chiweruzo silinakwaniritsidwe anagonjera. Corvalan kenako mlandu woukira boma.

Mu 1974, pa nthawi imene iye anali m'ndende ku ndende Chile pa Dawson Island mu Strait of Magellan, Soviet Union kupereka Corvalan Mayiko Lenin Peace Prize ndi chokhala kumuyalutsa, udzafunidwa anatulutsidwa mu maonekedwe osiyanasiyana padziko lonse.

anasinthanitsa wovutitsa

The United States, kumachita monga m'khalapakati, tinagwirizana kuwombola ake. Bambo Bukovsky, amene zalembedwa chakuti mu Soviet Union, Soviet nonconformist anatumizidwa ku zipatala amisala, linatulutsidwa ndi boma la Russia ndipo anakakhala ku England. Luis Corvalan anali kumasulidwa ku mayenje a mdima a.

Anamasulidwa Luis Corvalan, ana ndi mkazi wake anapita ku Moscow ndi kuyamba kukhala moyo akuluakulu a udindo wapamwamba. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, anapangidwa opaleshoni pulasitiki ndipo anabwerera ku Chile incognito mu 1980s bungwe kukana boma. Malinga ndi dokotala wa, Luis Corvalan isanayambe kapena itatha pulasitiki - ndife anthu osiyana. Iye thinned mphuno ndi zikope kukwezedwa.

Corvalan anapezeka poyera Chile mu 1989, pamene General Augusto Pinochet anataya kusankha, ndipo anayesetsa Maulendo Ake kwa zaka, zomwe sizinachitikepo anamaliza. Mu ukapolo, iye anathandizana ndi Volodey Teytelboymom ndi atsogoleri ena ukapolo wa Party Communist la Czechoslovakia kubwezeretsa pafupifupi kotheratu Party Communist la Chile. Mu USSR, Corvalan kuyembekezera kutsutsa nkhanza ku Party Communist kwa kulephera kwa boma Popular Umodzi. Pamene chipani chimodzi functionary, Lenin anatiphunzitsa, sikokwanira kuti kusintha, m'pofunika kudziwa mmene kuteteza izo.

njira Chile

Don Lucho, ngati iwo anamutcha anzake Corvalan akhala kulimbikitsa njira mtendere sosholisimu kudzera chisankho ndi mu chimango cha malamulo a. nkhondo wake mkati chinali chifukwa chakuti iye sakanakhoza, m'zaka zitatu za boma Popular Umodzi kusankha kupita ndi njira oyendetsera dziko anazindikira ndi kuphunzitsa anthu kugonjetsa zaschischity Communist. Koma pamene iye kamodzi lokongolali kuti, pa mphambano ya sasintha akavalo. Inu simungakhoze mwadzidzidzi kusinthana kwa ntchito mwa malamulo kwa nkhondo, ngakhale mu 1973 ili anakankhira ambiri kumanzere. Luis Corvalan akali otsimikiza kuti zikhalidwe za boma Chile a zitha bwino pamene adzalandira thandizo ambiri mtheradi wa anthu, imalimbikitsa "kusintha mwapang'onopang'ono". Ndipo izo zinatanthauza kuti akope ambiri adzaponye chisanko kuti zikhulupiriro Mkhristu demokalase. Pa nthawi imeneyo kunali kosatheka.

chikole umodzi

The Party Communist la Chile anadwala kugawanika, monga pansi pa Pinochet kupondereza wakhala gawo la izo mobisa, ndi kasamalidwe anali mu ndende. Pambuyo kusanthula kwambiri komanso kutsutsa mkati mu 1980, chipani kutsogoleredwa ndi Corvalan linakhazikitsa lamulo "misa kugalukira otchuka." Pofuna kugonjetsa junta bungwe zochita zonyoza zimayenda, anawazunza mabanki ndi magetsi ankathimathima. Ndipo mu 1983, unapangidwa ndi phiko zida za chipani, ndi kukonda dziko lako Front Manuel Rodriguez, amene mu 1986 anapanga pofuna atalephera pa Pinochet. Chifukwa, asanu omulondera ake anaphedwa. Ndithu phindu mtsogoleri wa CHR ndi chipani chake, ngakhale mochuluka chokumana ndi kulanda boma, anakhalabe ogwirizana.

Luis Corvalan analemba mabuku angapo, kuphatikizapo "Boma la El Salvador Allende", "chikominisi ndi demokalase" ndipo Maulendo.