Preemptive kuponya - ndi chiyani ichi?

nkhondo pakati pa mayiko akhala mbali ya mbiri ya anthu. Ngakhale masiku ano, m'madera ena a dziko ndi zida mikangano, amene anatsatira chionongeko ndi ovulala ambiri. Kupita patsogolo pa akagwiriridwa, amene uyamba nkhondo, chipani kuteteza mwina ndi kunyanyala njira. Mfundo imeneyi anayambitsa zaka 200 zapitazo, ndipo wakhala makamaka apakhungu lero. Yesetsani kumvetsa tanthauzo lake ndi kupeza momwe ayenerere zimenezi chilamulo lonse.

kutanthauza

Preemptive kuponya - ndi zotsatira za nkhondo pa dzanja wina ndi mzake kuti apite patsogolo pa mdani, ndipo osati kupereka mwayi kuukira choyamba. Cholinga cha ntchito iyi ndi kuwononga zinthu pamalo abwino zofunika za mdani, limene mwina kumupatsa mwayi mu zotheka kuti adziwitse nkhondo. Kuganiza kuti mukupatsidwa boma A amagwira kuwonjezeka mphamvu asilikali kuukira akagwiriridwa dziko B. kulimbitsa asilikali, kuchititsa mfundo zokopa kwa anthu ankhanza. Mu lotereli m'dziko akhoza kupita patsogolo pa kamenyedwe woyamba mdani.

Mwatsoka, anthu ambiri lonyoza lamulo limeneli, choncho zimenezi amaletsa andale ambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa, kwa mfundo malamulo a view, zimenezi amakhala ngati kuchita kwa mokwiya. Izi zimachitika pamene lina zikumanga asilikali ake ankhondo kuteteza kukhulupirika kwa madera ake. Koma boma wina akhoza kuyenerera zochita monga kukonzekera nkhondo ndi kunyanyala preemptive. Izi chingaoneke mokwiya.

Zitsanzo njira kuukira nkhani

Monga tanena kale, izi ntchito zankhondo ikuchitika zaka ziwiri zapitazo. Woyamba kunayamba 1801, pamene English zombo anabwera Copenhagen ndipo anatsegula moto pa mabwalo a Denmark, komanso mzindawu. Ngakhale kuti mayiko awiriwa si mu mkhalidwe nkhondo, koma panali kukaikira kuti Danes mobisa kuthandiza French. Kukana mwakufuna kupereka zombo zawo kuyang'anira, anawalanga kwadzaoneni ndi British.

Kenako nkhani wotchuka chinachitika mu 1837, pamene British akhala zikutanthauza kuti imapha. Iye zogwirizana ndi kuukira pa Caroline chombo wokwatibwa ndi America. nzeru British ponena za kupezeka kwa zida, amene anali kufika Odzipatula Canada kuti anamenyera ufulu ku Britain. Popewa izi, British anagwira chombo, kenako kuwotchedwa izo.

Mu 1904, Zombo Zankhondo Japanese anaukira zombo Russian zochokera m'gawo Chinese ku Port Arthur. Pa nthawi ankagwiritsa ntchito torpedoes ochepa chabe amene anakwaniritsa cholinga, koma Japanese anakwanitsa sitima zam'madzi angapo. zochitika izi zinachititsa kuti chiyambi cha Chirasha Japanese nkhondo.

Onsewa adzaukira ndi Japanese ikuchitika mu 1941, pamene anaukira ndi panyanja m'munsi mu United States pa Pearl Harbor.

German preemptive kuponya pa USSR

Kuyambira pachiyambi penipeni pa Wamkulu kukonda dziko lako nkhondo mu 1941, palibe amene amakayikira kuti chinali chochitika wolusa wa Nazi ku Germany ndi Soviet Union. Cholinga cha zimene anali kuwononga malingaliro Soviet, zomwe m'malo amayenera kubwera National Socialism. Apambane pankhondo adzakhala analola kuti agwirizane madera atsopano ndi mwayi nkhokwe zedi zina zimene zingakhale zothandiza patsogolo mu Asia.

Koma m'ma 80s pali chiphunzitso chatsopano zimene zimachititsa zochita Hitler. Bukuli lili ndi mfundo yakuti asilikali German atalanda Soviet Union okha pofuna kuteteza malire ake kum'mawa. Ife timagawirana zikalata malinga ndi zimene Soviet asilikali ndi kudwala ndi mphamvu zina kumalire a kumadzulo mwaumbanda chifukwa cholimbana wotsatira. Koma chiphunzitso cha kunyanyala chisanadze emptive mwamsanga limatsutsa mbiri yakale. Ichi ndi chifukwa Germany ankakonza kuukira kwa nthawi yaitali, ndi kutsimikizira izi otchedwa dongosolo "Barbarossa", pomwe zonse limafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane. Komanso, iwo aphwanya sanali mokwiya ke, lomwe ndi mbali ziwiri Mukalowa mu August 1939

Vuto la kunyanyala chisanadze emptive lero

Ngakhale kuti zinthu ziliri mu dziko kokhazikika, pali zingapo kumuopseza kuti chingafooketse mtendere wosalimba. M'zaka za m'ma XXI. makamaka mwamsanga ndi vuto la uchigawenga padziko lonse. Palibe wina waiwala zinachitika pa September 11 kapena kulanda zida za sukulu Beslan. Komanso, nkhondo mu Middle East, Africa ndi Ukraine yokakamiza atsogoleri a dziko kukonzekera miyezo poipa kwambiri. Mobwerezabwereza anamva mawu mwa oimira United States, a EU ndi Russia, ngakhale n'zotheka amenye preemptive. Izi zikhoza kukhala mwayi chabe kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha dziko lawo - kunena mfundo. Ngakhale kuti zimenezi amaona kuti ndi kwadalako kuphwanya malamulo adziko lonse lapansi, imene imabwera zimenezi kumeneko.

Njira kuponya nyukiliya ndichiyani?

njira Oika adani ndi ntchito zida zoopsa, ndicho nyukiliya ndi wa hydrogen mabomba. Chifukwa cha mphamvu imathamangira a mtundu umenewu chida pafupifupi konse ntchito. ntchito yake chachikulu ndi kuwopseza ndi kukakamiza mdani kupewa ananena mokwiya zida.

Ngakhale ochulukaŵa mphamvu zowononga, ngakhale maiko ena amalola mosavuta zida za nyukiliya kukachitika kuti njira zina yolimbikitsira mdani adzalephera. Mogwirizana ndi aggravation ubale Russian ndi EU ndiponso mayiko US, onse Atamva anayamba kuwonekera kawirikawiri. Ngakhale amayenera kuti US akukonza preemptive kuukira nyukiliya pa Russia. Mwamwayi, palibe chitsimikizo chapadera ichi si, ndipo zimenezi ndi chabe atayamba atolankhani.

Chiphunzitso Chitsamba Choyaka

Chilengezo chimenechi wakhazikitsidwa ndi thandizo la 43 Pulezidenti US ndipo anafotokoza mfundo za mu ndondomeko yachilendo. cholinga chake chachikulu ndi kuononga onse a magulu a zigaŵenga padziko lonse. Komanso, m'mayiko amene ankathandiza kuti opandukawo, chakumene ndi mapangano onse chuma ndi ndale.

Chinthu chotsatira kwa bukuli anali otchedwa chisanadze emptive kuponya chiphunzitso. Iye ananena kuti United States amaika ufulu kuchita kuukira zida pa mipherezero asilikali ndi aithamangitse boma panopa limati padziko lonse, ngati zochita zawo ndi mwachindunji kapena ayi kusokoneza chitetezo cha dziko. The watsopano mfundo yachilendo ya America kunaoneka zoipa ndi ambiri. Ena andale ananena kuti kusuntha Pulezidenti akakomane ena zochita zawo zolakwika, mmodzi amene anali nkhondo ya Afghanistan mu 2001.

Asilikali Chiphunzitso Akuluakulu a ku Russia

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, vuto ndi lakuti yomangika kwambiri, za mgwirizano pakati pa Russia ndi EU ndi US limati. Chifukwa chachikulu mikangano onse amene anatsala kum'mawa kwa Ukraine. Kuwonjezera ziletso pa za chuma, ambiri European ndi American andale mawu kufunika kulimbitsa pamaso pa magulu NATO m'chigawo chakum'mawa kwa Ulaya. Nayenso mkulu wa asilikali yemwe la Russia amaona zimenezi kuopseza dziko lake. Choncho, mobwerezabwereza anamva mawu pa kusinthidwa kwa chikalata yaikulu ya boma, ndi udindo imapanga ake chitetezo. A zosinthika latsopano la chiphunzitso anavomerezedwa mu December 2014.

Akatswiri ena amanena kuti adzaphatikizapo ndi mzera malinga ndi zomwe Russia ali ndi ufulu Pre-emptive kuponya ndi US kapena NATO mayiko mu nkhani ya chiopsezo za chitetezo cha boma Russian. Makonzedwe amenewa lilibe chiphunzitso, zikunenedwa kuti vuto waukulu la Russia lero amapanga dziko la North Atlantic Pangano.

Zochitika ku Ukraine

The lonse mabungwe chimakhudzana kuyan'anila zikuchitika ku Ukraine. Ngakhale mapangano anafika, zinthu mu dera akhala pano. Kumbukirani kuti mayiko ambiri akhala mlandu Russia zokhudza mwachindunji zosemphana ndi pamaso pa asilikali boma pa malire a dziko lina. Ngakhale Baibulo ayikidwa patsogolo mwina anagwira kuponya preemptive motsutsa Ukraine ndi zida za nyukiliya.

The mbali Russian wakana kugwirizana mu nkhondo inayambika ku dera la m'boma loyandikana nalo. Pakalibe mphamvu Russian mfuti Ukraine anatsimikizira pulezidenti ndi mkulu wa utsogoleri asilikali. Ngakhale zili chomwechi, amagwiritsa ntchito mzimu ikhoza kukhala njira ngati preemptive kuponya ndi Russia kapena pali zinthu zina chitetezo cha dziko anathabuka.

Zotuluka pa nkhonya zodzitetezera

M'malamulo a mayiko, aliyense dziko ali ndi mwayi kutenga countermeasures zoyenera poyankha mokwiya kapena kuswa mtendere. Nawonso hayala UN limanena kuti chisanadze emptive kuponya - njira oletsedwa kutsutsa chilichonse. Anandilola cha zinthu zoterozo okha nkhani ya ngozi zoonekeratu, ndipo atakambirana ndi Komiti ya UN. Apo ayi izo kukhala adziteteze, monga mwa mokwiya ndi boma lina.

Kuti zochita njira anali chololedwa, kuyamba kusonkhanitsa umboni boma lina, kutsimikizira kuti mbali yake ndi kuopseza bwino mtendere. Ndipo pokhapokha kuganizira zikalata zonse za Council Security UN lingaliro pa ntchito zina ndi wankhanza wa.