The phunziro la ndi maphunziro chikhalidwe njira ndi zochitika zikuchitika mmadera

maphunziro Cultural monga sayansi ndi yothandiza ya malamulo onse a chitukuko cha chikhalidwe inkayenda mu ntchito za katswiri American Lesli Uayta. Mapangidwe a Studies Cultural sayansi ikupitirizabe. Search njira, mitundu, matanthauzo - zonse umboni ena chosakhwima ake, koma pa nthawi yomweyo ananena kuti sayansi nzeru za anatuluka ngati chilango palokha, pamene kupitiriza mwachangu kucheza ndi izo kupyolera nzeru za chikhalidwe.

Communication nzeru ndi chikhalidwe ndi m'malo ovuta chifukwa chikoka mwagwirizana ndi mogwirizana. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti nkhani ya chiphunzitso chikhalidwe unali kuyambira mbali ya nzeru ndi zina khalidwe la munthu wa Cultural Studies imawalamulira amphamvu.

Ndi chiyambi cha XX atumwi nzeru uyamba mawonekedwe chiphunzitso cha chikhalidwe, chifukwa kuchoka ku kusinkhasinkha ndi chilakolako zikuchuluka kufotokoza chomwe ndi chikhalidwe. Kusamuka pa ubwenzi yapadera ndi ophiphiritsa chikhalidwe, nzeru akuyamba, zochokera deta ethnographic ndi anthropological, kuti yesezera ndi kulosera za chitukuko cha chikhalidwe. Ndi chitukuko cha za njira ndi zikamera wa kufotokozera loyamba la chikhalidwe, latsopano sayansi chikhalidwe maphunziro.

Komabe, chifukwa chakuti sayansi wamng'ono uyu, pali zambiri kutanthauzira ake ndi matanthauzo a awa akhoza kugawidwa 3 lalikulu.

1. Cultural - akonzedwa a amalanga kuphunzira chikhalidwe. Mfundo yaikulu ndi kuphunzira chitukuko mbiri kumvetsa kumvetsetsa zokhudza zonse za izo.
2. Cultural - ya malangizo osiyana kuphunzira chikhalidwe mulimonse: Chaanthu chikhalidwe, nzeru za chikhalidwe, etc. kulturoantropologiya
3. Cultural sayansi - sayansi zimene amaphunzira chikhalidwe. Pankhani imeneyi ali chabe kuphunzira, njira ndi njira.

Phunziro la phunziro la sayansi chikhalidwe ndi mfundo zosiyana ndi thandizo limene sayansi umu ndi amafufuza zenizeni.

Phunziro la phunziro la sayansi chikhalidwe ndi ndondomeko ndi zochitika zikuchitika mmadera, ndipo mwachindunji zogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe chawo.

Komanso phunziro la sayansi chikhalidwe ndi maonekedwe ndi mfundo za chitukuko chamakono, umunthu wake ndi kulunjika.

Pa nthawi yomweyo chinthu kuphunzira sayansi chikhalidwe kusiyana kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu a m'madera osiyana, chitukuko ndi interoperability pamisinkhu yosiyanasiyana chitukuko mbiri.

Njira ya chitukuko cha munthu, dongosolo, chikhalidwe, ndi malamulo - ndi nkhani nkhani ya maphunziro chikhalidwe.

Choncho, maphunziro chikhalidwe zochitika zonse za chikhalidwe auzimu ndiponso akuthupi. Kodi chodabwitsa chikhalidwe chauzimu mukhoza kutengedwa ngati chitsanzo cha chizindikiro. Choncho, liwu loti "mafano", mu Greek, limatanthawuza chifaniziro, chifaniziro. Nthawi zambiri akuonetsedwa kapena nkhope ya munthu woyera mtima, kapena chochitika cha mbiri wopatulika. Komabe, kalembedwe mwambo wa fano yafupika osachepera mbali ya dziko chuma, akupanga tcheru chonse pa wauzimu. Icon amachita mpatuko chinthu ntchito.

Ndi chikhalidwe zakuthupi ndi njira za tsiku ndi tsiku: chakudya, kukonzekera ndi zipangizo, zofuna zachilengedwe, etc. Ngakhale kulekana kwa chikhalidwe pa auzimu ndiponso akuthupi ndi makonzedwe ndithu ... Choncho nthawi yoyenerera Russia panali zoletsa zambiri pa nkhani ya chakudya mogwirizana ndi ziphunzitso za m'Baibulo. Mwachitsanzo, zinali zoletsedwa okhwima pa ntchito burbot (iwo alibe mamba), crawfish ndi mbatata, amene anali kutchedwa "mdierekezi mazira". Pamaziko a malamulo oletsa izi pa ntchito ya mbatata chakudya m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi mu dera Perm waona funde la kupanduka wamba. Ngakhale pakadali pano palibe malamulo oletsa zimenezi.

Kuphunzira chodabwitsa cha chikhalidwe osauka mwauzimu, maphunziro chikhalidwe limasonyeza malamulo ake.