Zaporizhzhya Cossacks

Zaporizhzhya Cossacks anasonkhanitsa asilikali ndi nthawi kutali kwambiri. umboni wotsimikizira zikusonyeza kumachitika ndi zaka chikwi chimodzi mazana asanu. Ena chi m'munsi Sechi Zaporizhzhya ankaona kuti yatsoka Cossack anayamba ndi kaphatikizidwe alimi kuononga malamulo mipanda yolimba kwambiri. Malinga ndi olemba ena, asilikali chinalengedwa ku Kozar, amene ankakhala ku Central Asia, ndi Ukraine anapita mu masiku a Mongol-Chitata goli.

Amuna a kalasi sizinayende, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yake ochita sayansi asilikali. Kuyambira nthawi ya m'dera Ukraine, iwo anali kutchedwa Cossacks. Kukakamiza kutumikira kwenikweni ntchito kukakamizidwa kwa asilikali anakhala Polish ndi magnates Chilituyaniya. zochitika izi zinachitika kulanda anthu Ukraine. Komabe, Cossacks, kupewa ntchito yaukapolo, anapuma pa dziko lokhalamo anthu. Iwo asankha malo mathithi a Dnieper. Malinga ndi olemba mbiri, chotero panali Zaporozhye Cossacks. Kuona mtima wa asilikali, ndi Polish mafumu anayamba kunyengerera iwo mu utumiki. A oimira bwino wobadwa wa olemekezeka ankaona ulemu waukulu kukhala atsogoleri a asilikali wolimba.

asilikali nkhokwe inkakhala zida zapamwamba kwambiri za nthawi. Zaporizhzhya Cossacks ndi mfuti ndipo howitzers, mortars ndi mortars, samopaly ndi mfuti, mikondo, ndi malupanga, mipeni ndi daggers, mauta ndi mivi. Izi sayansi ofukula zinthu zakale ndi mbiri yakale anatsimikizira umboni wa nkhokwe yaikulu ya zida, amene anasankhidwa mwa amitundu amene anali kumenyana. Komabe, kutsogoza waukulu Zaporozhye Cossacks anapereka saber.

Monga mbali ya asilikali wolimba anali oyenda, asilikali okwera pamahatchi ndi zida zankhondo. Chiwerengero cha Cossacks mfuti anali pakati pa khumi ndi zikwi khumi ndi ziwiri anthu. Ankapoperamo osankhika wakhala ankaona kuti apakavalo. Zinali woopsa kwambiri mphamvu chothetsera makhalidwe. Unit inkakhala asilikali mazana maalumali. Mmisonkhano ndi Cossacks anaima msasa usiku, amene anali mozungulira mndandanda wa ngolo, ananamizira ndi unyolo.

Ndiwo ndalama anali Zaporozhye Sech migodi watenganso mmisonkhano, komanso malonda, kugulitsa vinyo, msonkho analandira kuchokera zoyendera, ndipo mfumu ndi malipiro achifumu. Mbali ya bwino analandira nkhondo, kupereka mwambo mu mpingo. Kupanga otsala anagawa mofanana, ndipo iye Cossack Chiyukireniya akhoza kumwa khobiri lapansi. ndalama chidwi anasonkhana Sech ndi amalonda, wodutsa m'mayiko Zaporozhye. Ambiri a ndalama m'gulu msonkho pa nyumba ili mmalire a asilikali.

ambuye ang'onoang'ono anayang'ana ndi mantha pa kulimbikitsa wa Cossacks. Pajatu anali kumbali ya anthu wamba kuponderezedwa ndi kuti nthawi zonse kuwathandiza. zokhumba ang'onoang'ono zinali zochepa ndi kuthetsa vuto la chiwonongeko cha Zaporizhzhya Sich ndi kubwerera ku serfdom. Pakutha pa chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chimodzi, Chilituyaniya ndi Polish magnates anatha kupatsila m'madera ambiri m'dziko a Cossacks. Choncho, mu 1648 zipolowe kunabuka. Iwo ankapita ndi msilikali Cossack Bohdan Khmelnytsky. Kukwera motsogozedwa wake yatha chigonjetso.

Popeza amadza lalikulu Sich Cossacks a Ukraine, ndi asilikali anachita kulimbana zamtendere, Peter Ine ndi Hetman Mazepa. Komabe, Cossacks anatenga mbali ya Charles XII ndi yolimbirana ndi asilikali a Russia omenyana. Pambuyo kusainira mgwirizanowo Mazepa anagwirizana ndi asilikali a Sweden, Peter Ine anabweretsa kwa adani a regiments atatu a Zaporizhzhya Sich. vuto kuti athana m'munsi zitsulo achiwawa akuwotcha anaikidwa pamaso pawo. Mu May 1709 mpanda wolimba anatengedwa inawonongedwa ndi kutentha.

Mfundo yomaliza tsogolo la Cossacks kuika Catherine II. Mu August 1775 Ndondomeko ya anapereka izo, anavomereza chiwonongeko cha Sich ndi Attribution yake m'chigawo Novorossiysk.