Zotsatira za 1905-1907 utasintha. Woyamba Russian zisinthe ya 1905-1907.

Mphamvu, amene anali m'manja mwa mfumu chidatha kukonza Mipikisano miliyoni ufumu. Kusakhutira kwaiye mavuto ambiri, onse mu muzochitika zandale ndiponso, wakula mu zingapo. Chisangalalo unakula. Mfumu sizikanatha kupirira. Iye amayenera kugonja, omwe anakhala chiyambi cha mapeto a ufumu.

prerequisites Internal wa zisinthe

Anthu a boma yaikulu anali osakhutira ndi zinthu zawo nyumba ndi ntchito pa nkhani zambiri. Kuukira kumene 1905-1907. Russia chinapululutsa onse malo. Kodi kwenikweni akhoza kugwirizanitsa anthu ku magulu osiyanasiyana ndi mibadwo?

1. Alimi pafupifupi palibe ufulu. Ngakhale kuti anthu uyu anali ambiri okhala Russian Ufumu (70%), iwo ndikupempha ndi njala. Zimenezi anatsindika funso agrarian.
2. Mphamvu Lalikulu musade nkhawa kuonetsetsa ochepetsa mphamvu zawo n'kukagwira angapo kusintha owolowa manja. Pamene ntchito atapereka kwa kuganizira atumiki Svyatopolk-Mirsky ndi Witte.
3. Chilumba anakhalabe ndi funso ntchito. Oimira kalasi machitidwe amene amadandaula kuti zofuna zawo palibe amene kusamalira. boma sikusokoneza ubale wa pakati pa kapolo ndi bwana. Amalonda kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito imeneyi ndipo analenga zabwino zokha ndekha ntchito ndi mawu a malipiro. Chifukwa cha ulimi mu Russia ali ndi cholinga kulikonza ilo.
4. Kukwiya ndi nzika za ufumuwo, amene unali ndi gawo 57% mfulu si Russian, chawonjezeka chifukwa osathetsedwa funso dziko. Kukakamizidwa Russification zinachitika si mophweka mphamvu kuganizira.

Chifukwa, ngati nthethe zochepa yomweyo inasanduka moto wokhawokha ngodya lakutali kwambiri la ufumuwo. A mbali yofunika kwambiri ankaimba ndi kuperekedwa pa mbali ya ena akuluakulu a asilikali. Iwo anaonetsetsa zida chosintha ndi malangizo mwatsatanetsatane, ndipo anatsimikiza zotsatira za mlanduwo, ngakhale pamaso pa chiyambi cha zipolowe otchuka.

zimayambitsa kunja zingapo

Waukulu kunja chifukwa anali kugonjetsedwa kwa ufumu mu nkhondo Chirasha Japanese mu 1904. Kulephera kutsogolo wafunsira kusakhutira a anthu, omwe ankaganiza kuti zinthu ziwayendere bwino nkhondo - asilikali ndi achibale awo.

Malinga ndi zosavomerezeka Baibulo, Germany kuopedwa kwambiri mphamvu kukula kwa Russia Choncho anatumiza azondi amene analimbikitsa pa anthu akuderalo ndi kufalitsa mphekesera kuti West chingathandize aliyense.

wamagazi Sunday

Mwambo waukulu, umene kotheratu ukusokoneza chikhalidwe, akuti ndi chionetsero mtendere Lamlungu, chinayi wa January 1905. Kenako Sunday ichi chotchedwa "wamagazi".

Mtendere chionetsero cha ogwira ntchito ndi anthu wamba kutsogozedwa ndi wansembe yogwira anthu chithunzi George Gapon. Zionetsero anakonza kukonza msonkhano ndi Nicholas II. Iwo anali pa ulendo Zima lapansi. Okwana panali pafupifupi 150,000 anthu pakati ndiye likulu. Palibe ankaganiza kuti ulimi mu Russia udzayamba.

Kwa alonda aja antchito,. Iwo anayamba kuuza zionetsero ndinayima. Koma zionetserowo sanamvere. Anyamatawo anayamba moto ndi zida kumwazikana khamu. Usilikali, amene analibe mfuti, kumenya anthu ndi malupanga ndi zikwapu. Pa tsiku limenelo, anthu 130 anaphedwa ndi wovulazidwa 299.

Mfumu nthawi yonse ya zochitika panalibe ngakhale m'tawuni. Mwanzeru anasiya nyumba ndi banja lake.

Society asakhululukire mphamvu wachifumu ndi chiwerengero cha anthu wamba wosalakwa aphedwe. Pamodzi ndi ansembe Gapon, amene Lamlungu kuti anatha kupulumuka, tinayamba kukonzekera mapulani kwa kupasula Mafumu.

mawu "Pansi ndi autocracy!" linamveka paliponse. Kuukira kumene 1905-1907. Iwo zikuchitikadi. M'matawuni Russian ndi midzi anayamba skirmishes.

Kugalukira pa "Potemkin"

Mfundo imodzi kutembenukira kusintha anali kupanduka pa nkhondo Russian - "Prince Potemkin Tauride". The kunachitika pa June 14, 1905. The gulu la nkhondo la anawerenga anthu 731. Ena mwa iwo anali alonda 26. mamembala adalira sitingalephere analankhulana ndi ogwira ntchito pa sitima ya. Kwa iwo, iwo anatenga lingaliro la tsoka. Koma kutenga mosanyengerera gulu anayamba pokhapokha iwo ankawapatsa nyama yoola chakudya.

Izi zinali mfundo yaikulu ya maumboni. Pa kuponya akapitawo 6 anaphedwa, ndipo ena atagwidwa. Team "Potemkin" anadya crackers ndi madzi, atamuimika pansi mbendera wofiira masiku 11 pa nyanja, kenako iwo anagonja kwa akuluakulu Romania. Mwachitsanzo awo anavomerezedwa "Georgii Pobedonostse" ndipo kenako - pa cruiser "Ochakov".

chimake

Kumene, zotsatira za ulimi wa 1905-1907 kuwoneratu pa nthawi imeneyo kunali kosatheka. Koma pamene m'dzinja la 1905 panali zikuluzikulu zonse Russian sitalaka mfumu anakakamizika kumvetsera kwa anthu. Tinayamba osindikiza mabuku ake ndipo mothandizidwa ndi ogwira ntchito ku mabungwe ena. Authority inaika lamulo zoti tsopano chopatsika ena ufulu wa ndale. Mfumu anaperekanso kuwala wobiriwira kulengedwa kwa State Duma.

Ufulu anadza Mensheviks ndi SRs, omwe anapita kunyanyala. Kwa iwo, nthawi kuti zisinthe yatha.

RSDLP

Kukwera anali tangoyamba chifukwa ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira ndi. Mu December wa chomwecho mamembala chaka RSDLP bungwe zipolowe ndi zida m'misewu ya Moscow. Pa nthawi imeneyi, zotsatira za ulimi wa 1905-1907. kudzadza komanso anamasulidwa lamulo lokhudza chisankho mu woyamba State Duma.

Kukhala kanthu ndi maulamuliro, kunena kuti zotsatira za ulimi wa 1905-1907., Oimira Labor Party sankafunanso kuti asiye. Iwo ankayembekezera zotsatira za State Duma.

kuchepa ntchito

Zapakati pa 1906 ndi zoyambirira za 1907 amakhala ndi mwamtendere. The State Duma, amene makamaka inkakhala cadets, kugwira ntchito, kukhala waukulu malamulo thupi. Mu February 1907 izo chakonzedwa kale latsopano State Duma, wachiwiri mtundu wake, wopangidwa makamaka mmodzi wa kumanzere. Anakhalabe sanakhutitsidwe ndi miyezi pambuyo atatu a Duma kusungunuka.

The kunyanyala ndinapitiriza regionally, koma mphamvu ya mfumu pa nthawi anali kwambiri mphamvu.

Zotsatira za kuukira boma, 1905-1907

Kukwera loyamba linatha kusintha si choncho kwakukulu, amene anali kufuna kuti anthu a ogwira ntchito mopitiriza. Mfumu anakhalabe mu mphamvu.

Komabe, zotsatira yaikulu ya Russian zisinthe wa 1905-1907 angatchedwe waukulu ndi fateful. Iwo samangokhala asolola mzere wa mphamvu zonse za mfumu, koma anakakamizika kudzatunga anthu miyandamiyanda ya boma yoipa ya chuma, chitukuko zamakono belated ndi asilikali kuchepa kwa Russian Ufumu poyerekeza ndi limati zina.

Zotsatira za 1905-1907 zisinthe tinganene kuti mfundo mwachidule ochepa. Aliyense ali ngati chizindikiro kugonjetsa mphamvu ya ufumu. Nicholas II anatha kusunga mphamvu manja awo Ndipotu kuphonya m'manja mwa asilikali ndipo asilikali.

Zotsatira onse a utasintha 1905-1907: Table

Umo ndi momwe mukhoza mwachidule kufotokoza zochitika za 1905-1907. ndi mavuto awo.