Barberry Amur: kalasi kufotokoza ndi zithunzi

Amur barberry - ndi chitsamba chilichonse wa banja Berberidaceae, mmodzi wa mitundu ya barberry. Osati aliyense amadziwa zimene zomera. Kulongosoledwa ndi chithunzi cha barberry Amur zili m'nkhani ino.

Area lafalitsidwa

Kuthengo, Amur barberry Chimakula mu Gawo Primorsky ndi kum'mwera kwa Khabarovsk Gawo, mu dera la kum'mawa la China, Korea, mwina ku Japan. dzina The chifukwa malongosoledwe a chigwa Amur Mtsinje.

Izo wakonda mitundu yotakata-Ndalankhula paini ndi nkhalango mkungudza-Oil, m'mbali nkhalango, mabanki a mitsinje phiri, masitepe mtsinje, zitsamba, youma miyala ndi gravelly otsetsereka. Kutikonda kwambiri nthaka humus kulemera. m'nkhalango olimba a barberry limakula.

Mbewu yokha ndi yozizira-Hardy, chilala zosagwira ndi kutentha zosagwira, kotero wamaluwa bwinobwino motani mu Russia.

Barberry Amur: kufotokoza zosiyanasiyana za

Barberry ndi subramose minga. wamtali - 3.5 mamita. Chitsamba chilichonse ndi molunjika, pang'ono nthambi, chilili ribbed nthambi amene amagwa kusintha mtundu ku zachikasu imvi.

Impso ku Amur barberry ofiira kapena mtundu bulauni, kutalika 1.5 mm, ostrenkie. masamba anayikidwa lotsatira, mawonekedwe tsamba - elliptical kapena obovate, pepala kutalika - 12 masentimita m'lifupi - 5 cm Ngati a Bakha masamba okha, m'mbali -. Kolyuchezubchatye finely. Leaf mtundu zimasiyanasiyana Mat kuwala wobiriwira wofiirira, mdima wofiira. Masamba kukula makamaka pa mphukira lalifupi mitanda.

The spines wa Amur barberry chikasu zambiri ndi chapatatu, kufika kutalika 3 cm. Wina wazaka chopondapo mphukira zambiri ndi 4-5 kapena 7 spines osiyana cylindrical kapena mawonekedwe athyathyathya ndipo unakhuthala.

The inflorescences ndi racemiform chitsamba kutalika - mpaka 10 cm, mu inflorescence maluwa 10 mpaka 25. Maluwa eni anapachikidwa pa mapesi yaitali (1 cm), mtundu - wotumbululuka chikasu, amphamvu fungo amasiyana. Six sepals obovate. Pamakhala ndi stamens ndi asanu. Maluwa chitsamba chilichonse Amur barberry mu May ndi June, nthawi ya maluwa - masiku 20.

Zipatso barberry ndi dryish, ndi mawonekedwe ellipsoidal, kutalika 1 cm, mtundu - ofiira owala, wowawasa kukoma. Mbewu ovoid mu mawonekedwe, 4-5 mm m'litali. 1 makilogalamu pafupifupi 6200 zipatso. Nthawi ya fruiting chitsamba chilichonse - August-October.

Kuti adzimvera malongosoledwe a Amur barberry, tikhoza kunena kuti lero mbewu ndi wotchuka kwambiri. Chifukwa mawonekedwe chitsamba chilichonse wokongola, masamba lalikulu, maluwa zambiri ndi fruiting akulimbikitsidwa kubzala osakwatira ndiponso gulu, komanso mipanda.

billet

Amur Barberry kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa zolinga mankhwala. Kukolola masamba, zipatso, makungwa komanso mizu ya mbewu.

Leaf Kukolola chikuchitika mu May ndi June, pamene barberry limamasula. Masamba akhoza kudula ndi lumo kapena yopuma. Kenako zouma, atagona pa pepala kapena nsalu mu malo podutsa mpweya (mu chapamwamba kapena pansi denga a). Pambuyo masamba auma, iwo akuda wobiriwira pamwamba ndi kuwala wobiriwira pansi. Iwo woonda, Chimaona, litapotanitsidwa, ndi fungo kwachirendo ndi kukoma pang'ono acidic. Oyenera kasungidwe youma bwino mpweya wokwanira m'deralo. Masamba zasungidwa, kawirikawiri zaka 1-1.5.

mizu Kukolola chikuchitika mu yophukira (October-November) ndi kasupe (April). Iwo ayenera kukumba ndi fosholo, sasani pansi, kudula mizu ang'onoang'ono, ndipo mpweya youma. Asambe Sikuti kukhalabe katundu achire. Zouma mizu ayenera kudula ndi masentimita 1.5-2, ndi kupukuta bwino. Pakuti n'zoyenera monga okhetsedwa kapena chapamwamba komanso chowumitsira kapena uvuni. mizu bwino zouma ndi mizere kotenga, mkati ndi kunja ndimu-chikasu - bulauni, ndi fungo pang'ono ndi kulawa zowawa.

Kwathunthu dongosolo chitsamba muzu si ntchito, ndimakhala kusiya phesi 10-15 cm. M'mphepete mizu (m'mimba mwake oposa 6 cm) ntchito kokha pang'ono makungwa ndi pakati.

The mizu zouma ankanyamula mu matumba ndi kusungidwa kwa zaka 3.

makungwa billet amapezeka mu kasupe (April-May), pamene kuyamwa otaya akuyamba. Kuti tichite zimenezi, abwino nthambi achinyamata omwe notched kuzungulira m'mimba mwake wa 10-15 cm, ndiye kudula lengthwise ndi kuchotsa kutumphuka. Ziyenera kukhala zouma monga mizu. Pamene zouma makungwa amaoneka ngati chubu ndi grooves kapena mapesi nkhuni padziko lamkati. Mtundu wa makungwa zouma ndi chikasu imvi mkati ndi imvi kapena wooneka chikasu kunja, ndi fungo zochepa ndi kulawa zowawa. Izo zikhoza kusungidwa kwa zaka 3.

Yolandira zipatso pambuyo kusasitsa zawo mokwanira masika liti pamene woyamba chisanu. Kuyanika akhoza kukhala mu dzuwa, pansi pa denga kapena mu uvuni.

Mipweya ndi katundu pharmacological

Barberry Amur alkaloids wolemera, berberine, palmitin neri Al. Makungwa ndi mizu wolemera berberine, oksiakantinom, alkaloids, khungu, chekeni ndi zinthu utomoni wonunkhira.

Barberry zipatso wolemera mu dzuwa, carotene, vitamini K, ascorbic, citric, tartaric, asidi malic, alkaloids, utoto, pectin, chekeni zinthu, salt mchere. Masamba wolemera mu tannins, zinthu utomoni wonunkhira, mafuta n'kofunika, vitamini C, asidi malic, carotene, filohinonom.

Zokonzekera barberry yotupa, choleretic, diuretic, antibacterial, astringent, hemostatic ndi katundu antiseptic. Ndi ukubwera wa barberry berberine amachepetsa magazi, zimachitika pang'onopang'ono tachycardia, kuwonjezera otaya ya ndulu.

Amur barberry chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala. Alikuchitira aakulu chiwindi matenda ndi chikhodzodzo ndulu, chapamimba chilonda ndi zilonda mmatumbo, kutupa chapamwamba kupuma thirakiti TB. Ndi barberry anachiritsa m'mimba, kamwazi, mphumu. Tincture wa barberry kusiya uterine magazi mu nyengo ya postpartum.

Kubzala ndi Care

Amur barberry si chabe za nthaka, si mantha mphepo yamphamvu, sangalekerere chilala, sakonda madzi okha. Photophilous zomera, koma kukula bwino mu mthunzi tsankho. Pankhaniyi pali mbali imodzi yokha ngati tchire kukula dzuwa, mtundu wa masamba ladzala wofiirira; ku tchire kukula mu mthunzi tsankho, masamba mudzapezeka wobiriwira.

Pamene umodzi kubzala mtunda pakati pa zomera ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 1,5-2 mita. Kuchita kukula momasuka tchinga, anabzala matchire awiri a barberry pa 1 mita. Ngati mukufuna tchinga wandiweyani, chitsamba 4 1 mita.

Zomera limakula bwino mu acidic ndi malo ndale, ngakhale wakonda ndale.

The osakaniza dothi linakonzedwa kubzala munda nthaka, humus ndi mchenga mulingo ofanana. Ngati dothi akadali wowawasa, Ndi bwino kuchita liming.

Dyetsani chomera kungakhale m'chaka chachiwiri mutabzala. M'chaka zachitika mothandizidwa ndi feteleza asafe. Pambuyo kuti kudyetsa 1 zaka 3 feteleza zovuta ndi kufufuza zinthu. Barberry madzi 1 nthawi pasabata. Mbewu komanso amakonda Kupalira pafupipafupi ndi kupalira.

Gwirani pachaka kudulira barberry - kuchotsa ofooka, mphukira bwino anakamba. Spring tchire zaka yokoma kunja woonda. Ulili mipanda, kudulira ikuchitika mu chaka chachiwiri mutabzala, kudula ndi theka la gawo mlengalenga. Pambuyo kudulira imeneyi ikuchitika nthawi 2 chaka: mu June ndi August.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Amur Barberry zimakhudza tizirombo zotsatirazi:

1. Barberry nsabwe - ndi masamba kufota ndi adzauma. Amathandiza kuchotsa yankho sopo (300 GR. Sopo ndowa). Sprayed m'chaka.
2. Flower njenjete - mbozi izi kudya kutali chipatso. Amathandiza kuchotsa izo, "Decis" (0.05-0.01%) kapena "trichlorfon" (0.1-0.3%).

Matenda mwina otchulidwa powdery cinoni. Umaonekanso monga powdery ❖ kuyanika pa masamba, mphukira ndi zipatso.

Tayani zimathandiza njira colloidal sulfure (0.5%), sulufule laimu-sulfure osakaniza kapena laimu msuzi. Choyamba sprayed pamene pachimake masamba ndi lililonse masabata 2-3. Kwambiri mphukira kachilombo ayenera kuchotsedwa ndi kutentha.

Barberry dzimbiri mu kalasi zimakhudzira zosakwana mitundu ina barberry.

Wofalitsa ndi kulima barberry Amur

Zimafalitsidwa zomera ndi kugawa chitsamba, mizu, cuttings ndi mbewu. Ndi woyamba zonse bwino, taganizirani Amur barberry kukula kwa mbewu.

Bzalani mbeu, amakonda kugwa. Mwatsopano anatola zipatso kuti akanikizire, asiyanitse mu sefa, nadzatsuka ndi mopepuka youma.

mbewu yokha ikuchitika mizere chisanadze okonzeka pa akuya zosaposa 1 cm wa dothi kukula Amur barberry ayenera kukhala lotayirira ndi lachonde, ndi m'dera -. poyera ndi bwino anayatsa. M'chilimwe oyambirira, nyemba zimere mogwirizana. Pamene padzakhala awiri tsamba weniweni, mbande ayenera woonda kunja, kusiya pakati pawo mtunda wa pafupifupi 3 cm. Pambuyo pake, ndi bwino kuti ndikasendeza mbande, Thirani n'zotheka patapita zaka ziwiri.

ntchito barberry

Ntchito Amur barberry m'zigawozigawo. Kuwonjezera katundu mankhwala a zitsamba barberry kupanga mipanda ndipo kumathandiza kuchepetsa. zitsamba Awa ndi zinthu zabwino chapakati Russia. Tchinga a iwo moti. Iwo mosavuta kudula, kupanga mtundu uliwonse wa tchire. Barberry ndi oyenera soliternyh, ndi kubzala gulu, kulima m'minda thanthwe ndipo ngati nthaka chivundikiro.

Mitundu

The mitundu wotchuka kwambiri wa Amur barberry - ndi Orpheus ndi japonica.

Orpheus - ndi tchire yaying'ono ya kukula ang'onoang'ono. masamba ake owala, pontho nkhabe pachimake.

Japonica masamba waukulu ndi yaitali chikasu inflorescence, kuŵeramitsa mu mawonekedwe a burashi. Zikomo mbewu ndi wokongola kwambiri.