Kukula nkhaka mu greenhouses chaka chonse monga bizinesi

Nkhaka dziko imatengedwa malo otentha a India, kumene kukula mu zakutchire kwathunthu kwa m'mbuyomu zikwi zisanu ndi chimodzi. Pakali pano, nkhaka mwakula pafupifupi m'mayiko onse. Sizikudziwika pamene ndi amene anawabweretsa kwa Russia, koma kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma 16, zipatso zosaphika ndi marinated anali kale pa magome anthu olemera. Pa nthawi, chiwerengero chachikulu cha mbale simungathe ngakhale kulingalira popanda masamba iyi.

Nkhaka mu greenhouses

Kukula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi chaka chonse - ndithu bizinezi. Pansi pa zikhalidwe izi, n'zotheka kuti alenge mulingo woyenera kwambiri kwa zokolola mkulu ndi khola microclimate zokwanira. Mkangano wowonjezera kutentha adzalola chikhalidwe kubala zipatso chaka chonse, koma m'dzinja ndi mbewu yozizira adzakhala ndakuwonetserani, nthawi zina wozingidwa ndi revenues kuyambira miyezi yotentha kangapo. Kukula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi chaka chonse monga bizinesi ndi opindulitsa kwambiri. The profitability amakampani amenewa ndi mkulu - akafika 400-600%.

Kodi zofunika kukula nkhaka mu greenhouses

Kuti kukula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha m'nyengo yozizira ndi chaka chonse, muyenera:

• Pangani zinthu zabwino mkati kutentha lapansi. Childs, iwo amadalira zipangizo omwe deta kapangidwe ka zinthu.
• Kusankha bwino mitundu asonyeza nkhaka.
• Sankhani pamene zambeu nkhaka, monga zingamvekere kusankha mitundu.
• Thamangani maphunziro pansi ndi kulenga dongosolo zonse pofuna greenhouses.

greenhouses

Kodi kukula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha chaka chonse? Choyamba muyenera kupanga kutentha bwino:

• Ziyenera kukhala ❖ kuyanika zimene molondola kusunga kutentha mkati kukonza.
• kutentha ayenera kukhala chimango zosagwira ❖ kuyanika kulemera. Ndipo ngati kulima nkhaka inyamuka kwa chaka oposa mmodzi, ndiye izo ziyenera kukhala ndi cholimbanso, mwachilungamo odalirika ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi nyengo.

Ntchito yomanga greenhouses akhoza kukhala zosiyanasiyana akalumikidzidwa ndi makulidwe, pamwamba osiyana ndi zipangizo kupanga.

Mfundo kupanga greenhouses

Panopa, mafelemu mumlengalenga chifukwa:

• zitsulo;
• nkhuni.

chimango zitsulo

Chopangidwa kuchokera ku njira, zooneka machubu kapena lalikulu awiri mavavu (malingana ndi nkhani ❖ kuyanika).

Pakuti ikuthandizira khola bwino wina ntchito yosavuta polyethylene filimu yomwe ndi malonda likupezeka mu osiyanasiyana lalikulu. Malinga ndi katundu, si wolephera amagwiritsidwa ntchito polycarbonate.

Pakuti chimango cha machubu angagwiritsidwe ntchito mwamtheradi nkhani iliyonse ❖ kuyanika. Njira ambiri ndi ntchito CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa filimu pulasitiki kapena polycarbonate.

Ngati mukufuna kukula nkhaka mu greenhouses chaka chonse, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito polycarbonate. Pamene Kutentha bwino ndi tithe kukhala ndi kutentha zonse mkati.

Zitsulo mafelemu angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa zaka 10 kapena kuposa. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti chifukwa cha ulimi wothirira mkati kutentha ndi kumawonjezera chinyezi ndipo izi ali zoyipa pa zitsulo. Kuteteza chimango, pambuyo yomanga ake ayenera yokutidwa ndi penti kapena varnish.

yomanga nkhuni

Ndi zochepa zothandiza, chifukwa nkhuni ali ndi moyo mwa zochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi zitsulo. Komanso sachedwa nyengo ndi makhalidwe nyengo.
Pambuyo zotsimikizira chimango kwenikweni kujambula, amene amathandiza kuteteza nkhuni asatengere makhalidwe oipa, ndiponso kuti kwambiri kuonjezera moyo utumiki wake.

The mwayi waukulu chimango matabwa - zake waubwenzi zachilengedwe. Komanso, ndi cholimba ndi odalirika

Ndipo zitsulo ndi chimango matabwa zingachitike mu nyumba. Ngati kutentha waukulu, ndi bwino Pre-lembani m'munsi kakang'ono kwa mphamvu. Mtengo wa chimango matabwa n'chozama kupitirira zitsulo, amene kumawonjezera kufunika pa machenjerero awa.

Pakuti ❖ kuyanika wa chimango matabwa ntchito:

• filimu ya mtundu wina;
• polycarbonate;
• galasi.

Ndi polycarbonate ma kapena magalasi chivundikiro akhoza kukhala wamkulu nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha m'nyengo yozizira ndi chaka chonse.

Kusankha mitundu

Kukula nkhaka mu greenhouses chaka chonse akuyamba ndi bwino mbewu. Pali yaikulu zosiyanasiyana mitundu onse ochiritsira ndi hybrid kuti kubala chipatso chabwino mu greenhouses.

Kuti akwanitse kulima nkhaka mu greenhouses chaka chonse, anasankha mbewu zosiyanasiyana zimene:

• kusiyana kutentha mwaulere anasamutsidwa ndi chisanu;
• yodziwika ndi fruiting kawirikawiri;
• matenda khola;
• kukoma si chowawa;
• Iwo popanda chisamaliro chapadera.

The mitundu otchuka kwambiri greenhouses lero ndi:

• "Zamakatuni" - fruiting akuyamba masiku 40 mutabzala.
• "Mtima" - umabala zipatso pambuyo masiku 45 kubzala. Nkhaka ndi yaitali ndithu.
• "Barcelona" - ndi oyambirira kukhwima zosiyanasiyana nkhaka. Nthawi zambiri ntchito mu ntchito kutentha.
• "Bobrik" - ali ndi kukana apamwamba nkhawa otsika kutentha. Ntchito kulima m'nyengo yozizira.
• "Shchedryk" - kukhwima ndi zipatso zosiyanasiyana. Ntchito pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana pa chaka.
• "The masanjidwewo" - amatanthauza mitundu otchuka. Sam nkhaka si yaitali kwambiri, ali ndi kukana zabwino matenda.

Komanso, kwa hybrid bwino nkhaka mitundu monga "Emelya", "Annushka", "dynamite" ndi "Hercules."

Ndi bwino kupeza mbewu F1 kuti ndi ntchito zabwino. Kuchotsa kachilombo ndi "zopanda pake" mbewu tingachite ndi madzi ndi yankho ofooka permanganate potaziyamu. Mbewu ndizodzazidwa yankho pa 1 g wa permanganate potaziyamu mu 150 ml ya madzi. Izi adzalola kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Komanso, mbewu rinsed ndi madzi woyera ( "akusowekapo" zimatengedwa). Izi zachitika mwachindunji pamaso kubzala mbewu.

The dothi nkhaka kukula

Musanayambe kukula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha chaka chonse (onani pansipa chithunzi), m'pofunika kukonzekera pansi pa ichi. Wake ukala ndi kuyeretsa zomera zosiyanasiyana zimene angathe kungasokoneze pa chitukuko cha dongosolo muzu wa nkhaka.

Pofuna kupewa kuumitsa kunja nthaka ndi kulola mizu kukhala momasuka limanenanso utuchi. Pakuti mchere ntchito fetereza. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito nitrate ammonium, koma pokhapokha ngati bizinesi kutentha lonse kumapangitsanso kukula kwa nkhaka.

Kukula nkhaka mu greenhouses chaka chonse

Awiri njira kubzala ntchito nkhaka:

• Kwatha mbande, sipangakhalenso chakula mwachindunji mu wowonjezera kutentha (kulenga zinthu zonse) ndi kunyumba;
• mbewu.

Kubzala, muyenera kukhala:

• makapu peat kapena ena muli zochepa monga mabotolo pulasitiki ndi kusamutsidwa yaing'ono;
• chisanadze ubwamuna nthaka;
• kupopera mankhwala mu potaziyamu permanganate yothetsera ndi ankawaviika madzi mbewu maola angapo.

Mbewu kwa mbande anayikidwa mu gawo lapansi zatu. Polenga zinthu yabwino mbewu zimere mu masiku anayi kapena asanu. Feteleza mbande ikuchitika pamene padzakhala woyamba wa tsamba ake ndi masiku pang'ono Thirani mu nthaka kutentha.

Thirani mbande angathe kuchitidwa pamene chitsamba adzakhala awiri kapena atatu masamba (pafupifupi 20-25 masiku). Nthawi imeneyi, tsiku kutentha mkati kutentha ayenera kukhala madigiri apamwamba kuposa 18, ndi usiku - 15. Komanso, m'pofunika kuti aziona mphamvu, ulimi wothirira ndi kuyatsa mmera. Kuthirira mbewu bwino ndi madzi ofunda. Pa tsiku mitambo, muyenera monga kuyatsa.

Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti mbande kapena mbewu sanamulandire. Zikamera wa masamba atsopano ndi maluwa oyambirira idzachitira umboni kuti boma lake mizu m'nthaka angamasuke zokwanira.

mbande kubzala

Kukula nkhaka mu greenhouses chaka chonse angachite popanda zida improvised munda, monga:

• wowaza;
• yaing'ono fosholo;
• rakes, etc.

Kuchita ankafika ntchito ikuchitika motere:

• Choyamba, pogwiritsa ntchito chida zotsimikizika malo aliyense mizere ya kubzala ndi kubereka wapadera zitsime payekha kapena kunkhondo.
• Mtunda pakati pa nkhaka chiyani malinga zosiyanasiyana ndi. Ena zosiyanasiyana hybrids chitukuko yachibadwa kumafuna danga. Mtunda kwambiri mulingo woyenera pakati pa tchire nkhaka - 30-50 cm.
• Near aliyense tchire mmera anaikapo mu ndodo pansi zitsulo kapena ndodo matabwa. Mbande kumera osachepera kumanga kwa iwo.

Thirani imagwiridwa kuti mizu anali m'nthaka omwe kuchuluka. Iwo kuziika ndi mtanda wa nthaka ili makapu peat kapena chidebe ina.

Pamene kuthirira ikuchitika mbande yoyamba

Mutabzala, dothi kutentha ndi kuthirira mbewu kungakhale masiku ochepa chabe, chifukwa ayenera acclimate mu zikhalidwe kutentha. Zokonda bwino kukapanda kuleka ulimi wothirira, okhoza kuwaganizira mizu kuchuluka koyenera chinyezi ndipo kwambiri kupulumutsa ndalama mowa, kuyambira akunena za ndalama kwambiri. Feteleza mbande anachionetsa izo malodza abwino.

Kukula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha chaka chonse: zokolola

Zokolola za nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha masiku ano za 30-45 makilogalamu pa mita lalikulu, lomwe ndi chizindikiro wabwino, chifukwa mbewu akhoza kukolola kangapo pa chaka.