Matimati wakuda, mitundu: "black moor", "wakuda gourmet", "njovu yakuda", "negro"

Amaluwa a tomato wakuda anayamba kukula posachedwapa. Chakumapeto kwa zaka zapitazi, obereketsa anaganiza zoyesa kuyesera. Mwa kudutsa tomato zakutchire ndi tomato wamba wofiira, tomato wakuda ankakololedwa, omwe mitundu yawo yambiri idapindula mitima ya wamaluwa. Zomerazi sizimatha kuwasangalatsa okonda mabedi ndi mawonekedwe awo osasangalatsa ndi ubwino wosatsutsika.

Tomato wakuda: ndi chiyani?

Nthawi zina pa intaneti mungathe kuwerenga zambiri zokhudza momwe mitundu ya tomato yakuda imasinthira. Awa si mawu enieni. Pakalipano, zolembera za boma za zokolola zobereketsa zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yomwe imapezeka mwachibadwa.

Kodi mtundu wakuda wa mitunduyo ndi wotani? Zowonjezereka, izo zikanatchedwa osati wakuda, koma kusintha kuchokera ku violet-bulauni mpaka chokoleti. Mtundu uwu umapezeka ngati zofiira ndi zofiira zimasakanizidwa. Mitundu yofiira imaperekedwa kwa tomato, mazira - carotenoids ndi lycopene, ndipo violet amapezeka chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa anthocyanins m'mamasamba, zomwe zimachititsa kusakaniza mitundu yonse ya mitundu. Anthocyanins ndi ofala kwambiri pakati pa ndiwo zamasamba ndi nkhumba. Iwo amapezeka mu eggplant, beets, kabichi (wofiira). Tomato wakuda ali ndi mawonekedwe a chitsamba, masamba, ngati tomato wamba.

Zida

Kuchokera ku mitundu ina, tomato wakuda amasiyana kwambiri ndi mtundu wosasangalatsa. Mtundu wa zipatso zosapsa ndi chimodzimodzi ndi mtundu wa tomato wamba. Komanso, ambiri amamva kukoma kwa zipatso zakuda. Olima ena nthawi zonse amasiya tomato wawo wofiira, kamodzi akamayesa tomato wakuda, omwe amawoneka kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri kuposa tomato wofiira wamba, chifukwa amavomereza kuti antioxidant zotsatira, zimalimbikitsa mtima, kusintha ubongo.

Zogwirizana ndi zipatso zosazolowereka, anthocyanins amadziwika chifukwa cha ntchito yawo yowononga antioxidant, yomwe imapangitsa malo abwino kuti amenyane ndi khansa. Anthocyanins imathandizanso kuti chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezeke, kulimbikitsa makoma a mitsempha ndi kuchotsa edema.

Mu tomato wakuda, mlingo wa lycopene (vitamini I) ndi wapamwamba, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chithandizo cha prostate adenoma chitheke. Zili ndi zipatso zakuda, carotenoids, makamaka provitamin A, kwambiri kusintha masomphenya. Kukhalapo kwa mgwirizano wapaderadera wa zipatso zakuda kumatsimikizira malo aphrodisiacs omwe amalimbikitsa ntchito yogonana.

Kuphatikiza apo, amathandiza kupeŵa maonekedwe a cholesterol, kuletsa njira zowonjezera m'maselo, zimathandiza pa khungu. Zimadziwikanso kuti tomato wakuda imalimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Ndi chithandizo chawo, kutupa kumatha kuchotsedwa; Amalimbikitsa kuona; Kumbali imodzi, yongolerani chimbudzi ndi chilakolako, pamzake - kulimbikitsa kutaya thupi.

Mitundu yambiri yakuda ya zipatso imasiyanasiyana ndi mitundu yamba ndi kulawa. Nthawi zina ndemanga zakuda za tomato zimatanthauzidwa ngati zopanda pake. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mitundu ya chipatso chakuda imadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga komanso mofanana bwino shuga-acid index. Pokhapo pamaso pa kuchuluka kwa organic acid ndi shuga mu chiwerengero cha 2.5 mpaka 1 tomato ali makamaka okondweretsa kukoma.

Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zinthu zothandiza kwambiri, mankhwalawa akulimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe amasamala za thanzi lawo. Phindu lenileni, lomwe limabweretsa thupi la tomato wakuda. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana imayimilidwa pamsika pamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kotero amatsenga omwe akufuna kukula tomato wakuda m'mabedi awo, adzakhala ndi kusankha kovuta.

Zosiyanasiyana

Tomato wakuda ndi okoma komanso wathanzi. Chiwonetsero chonse cha iwo chimakhala chophimbidwa ndi mfundo yakuti iwo amaonedwa kuti si oyenera kusungirako. Kuonjezera apo, pamene akuwonjezeredwa ku saladi amatha kusokoneza chidwi chake.

Pakalipano, tomato wakuda, omwe maina ake amawerengedwa maina angapo, alimi omwe amadziwa bwino amalimbikitsa zipatso, zipatso zokoma komanso zakucha. Mukasankha, mukhoza kutsogoleredwa ndi zifukwa zina zambiri. M'nkhaniyi, timadziika tokha pofotokoza mitundu yotchuka komanso yotchuka.

"De Baro"

Mitundu imeneyi imasangalatsanso kwambiri anthu a m'chilimwe. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya "de baro" ya chikasu, yofiira, pinki, golidi, wakuda, etc. Amaluwa amatha kusiyanitsa zizindikiro zotsatirazi.

"De Baro" amadziwika ngati mitundu yobiriwira. Chitsamba chiri champhamvu kwambiri ndi chamtali, kotero chimafuna chofunika kwambiri pamagwirizidwe. Zipatso zimabala tsiku la 125. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatchulidwa kuti ndi yopambana. Mtundu wa zipatso ndi violet-bulauni, mawonekedwewa amawonekera. Malinga ndi ndemanga, tomato ndi okoma kwambiri, okoma. Malinga ndi wamaluwa odziwa bwino, iwo ndi abwino kwa pickles. Kukula kwa tomato "de baro" mu nthaka yotsekedwa. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi kuwonjezeka kwa matenda.

Matimati wakuda "wa baro", pogwiritsa ntchito malingaliro a ogula, ndi wochepa kwambiri kwa achibale awo, okhala ndi mtundu wosiyana, mu magawo osiyanasiyana. Kukula kwa zipatso zakuda, malinga ndi ndemanga, ndizochepa kuposa za chikasu kapena zofiira, ndipo kukoma kwawo kumayambitsanso ena. Nyamayi ndi mtundu wosakwanira, msinkhu wa chitsamba chake ndi oposa 2 mamita, ndi mthunzi wolekerera komanso wosasinthasintha. The inflorescence yoyamba nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pamwamba pa masamba 9-11, zotsatira za inflorescence zimapezeka masamba atatu. Zipatso za chitumbuwa chamdima kapena zakuda zimasiyana ndi juiciness ndi lokoma kukoma.

Kukula Technology

Kalasiyi ndi yovuta kwambiri pa chisamaliro. Katswiri wamakono wolima "de baro" amasiyana ndi luso lakukula mbewu zina. Choncho, ndi zofunika kubzala mbewu za mbeu izi mmera 2 milungu isanafike kuposa mitundu ina. Iyenera kuchitika pakati pa March. Pambuyo kumera ndi maonekedwe a masamba, mbande ziyenera kuzungulidwa. Pambuyo pa dziko lapansi, kutembenuka kungapangidwe kukhala wowonjezera kutentha kapena kutseguka. Ndibwino kuti muchite m'mawa mvula yamadzulo kapena madzulo - choncho mbeu zimatengedwa bwino. Pa 1 lalikulu. M sayenera kubzala zoposa 2 zomera.

Pambuyo pa mbande zili bwino (pambuyo pa masabata awiri), kukula kwa tomato kumathamanga kwambiri. Pa nthawiyi, m'pofunika kuti manyowa ndi mchere ndi superphosphate komanso feteleza. Kuwonjezera pa garter ku chithandizo chowonjezera, chitsamba chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa mu 1 kapena 2 zimayambira, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa njira zina zowonjezera. Chomera chimafuna madzi okwanira ambiri. Mlimiwu ali ndi mizu yabwino, yomwe imatenga madzi mwamsanga. Pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse amalimbikitsidwa kutsanulira madzi amadzimadzi onse masiku atatu. Pofuna kusintha mpweya wabwino, masamba obiriwira, komanso masamba a m'munsi mwa nthambi ayenera kuchotsedwa.

«Black Gourmet»

Matimati wa "phwetekere wakuda" umagulitsidwa ndi alimi ogalimoto ngati "mayesero enieni." Zipatso za zosiyanasiyanazi ndi zokongola kwambiri, zimasiyana ndi zobiriwira za makangaza, zonunkhira bwino, juiciness ndi kukoma. Iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, mmalo mwamphamvu. Zipatso zili ndi khungu lochepa, koma sizingowonongeka. Kulemera kwake - mpaka 110 g. Zotsalirazi ndi za mtundu wa mazira okhwima ndipo zimakonzedwa kuti zikule pansi pa filimu mu malo obiriwira. Tsamba ndi lalitali, limafuna garter kuti lichirikize ndi kupanga.

Matimati wa "phwetekere wakuda" amaonedwa kuti ndi abwinobwino, kumalongeza, kuphika saladi ndi timadziti.

Kutsekera pa mbande kumalimbikitsidwa kukonzekera kwa miyezi iwiri isanafike kunthaka. Pogwera pa 1 lalikulu. Ndimaika tchire mpaka 4. Mbewu ziyenera kubzalidwa pakati pa kasupe. Malo abwino kwambiri obzala tomato ndi dera, lomwe limatengera maola 8 patsiku. Mu dzenje lakuya masentimita 5 mpaka 10 masentimita m'mimba mwake, madzi okwanira kwambiri, madzi ambiri amagawanika, omwe mwaulemu amathyoledwa ndi dothi lotayirira kuchokera pamwamba. Pamphepete mwa dzenje amatha kuwaza nkhuni phulusa. Mipando imakhala pamtunda wa masentimita 40, mabedi - pamtunda wa masentimita 50. Sikoyenera kutulutsa tomato, koma simungathe kudutsa. Ndi bwino kumwa madzi kawiri pamlungu, malingana ndi nyengo.

Zimamera kuti ziwathandize kulimbikitsidwa. M'munsi masamba a phwetekere akulimbikitsidwa kuti adulidwe. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa chomera nthawi zonse (kamodzi pa milungu itatu iliyonse), koma neobylo imabzala zinthu ndi nayitrogeni. Nthawi yokula ndi miyezi itatu, kusasitsa kumakhala miyezi isanu pambuyo pa kumera kwa tsinde.

"Black Moor" (phwetekere): kufotokoza

Ogwiritsa ntchito awa amatchedwa mmodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri. Icho chiri cha gulu la pakati-kucha. Nthawi yakucha kucha ndi pafupi masiku 115. "Black Moor" imatchedwa mitundu ya mitundu yobala kwambiri, yopereka kuchokera kuchitsamba chilichonse champhamvu cha 4-6 makilogalamu a zipatso. Matatowa ndi aang'ono, otsika mozungulira, omwe amalemera 50 g. Mtundu wa fruiting ndi khungu lofiira, mnofu wa chipatso chokoma ndi wosiyana ndi mtundu wodabwitsa wofiira wofiira. Kukoma kwa tomato komwe kwafika pokhwima kumakhala kokoma.

M'tchire mumakhala ndi burashi yodabwitsa kwambiri, yomwe pafupifupi zipatso 18 zowonongeka ndi zofiirira zimamangidwa. Pa chitsamba chimodzi, mpaka mapiritsi 9-10 akhoza kumangirizidwa, ndipo sikuyenera kupanga. Mu ndemanga zawo, wamaluwa amalitcha shrub "black moor" yomwe ili ndi tomato.

Malingana ndi olemba a ndemanga, tomato amenewa ndi abwino kwa mabotolo onse komanso ntchito zatsopano. Kukulitsa iwo akulimbikitsidwa mu malo otsekedwa.

Mbewu iyenera kusungidwa kwa masiku angapo kukazizira, kenaka imatengedwa ndi potassium permanganate. Kumapeto kwa March amalimbikitsidwa kuti aikidwe mu mizere yokongoletsera ya nthaka mpaka 3 masentimita akuya, kuthirira madzi, ataphimbidwa ndi filimuyo kenako amakula pa kutentha kwa 20 ° C. Pambuyo pazomerazo, malo obisika amachotsedwa, ndipo mbande zimayikidwa pamalo owala. Kutsekemera kumachitika mu gawo la mapepala awiri. Asanatengere kunthaka kwa sabata, mbande zazimitsidwa. Pakatha mwezi ndi theka, mbande zabzala m'nthaka, madzi ndi madzi ofunda. Pakati pa mabowo achoka mtunda wa masentimita 10, pakati pa mabedi - 12-13 masentimita. Chisamaliro cha mbeu ndicho kumasula nthaka ndi namsongole udzu udzu. Kuthirira kumalimbikitsidwa ngati n'kofunika.

Chifukwa zosiyanasiyana ndi carp, m'pofunika kumangiriza nthambi, kuchotsa zozizwitsa zambiri. Pofuna kuonjezera zokololazo, maburashi akulimbikitsidwa kuti agwedezeke kuti apange mphamvu yogwedeza. Kuonjezerapo, nthawi zonse feteleza ndi feteleza ndizofunikira.

The Negro

Matimati wa phwetekere "Negro" amatanthauza mtundu wamtali, wosadziwika. Zimasiyanitsa ndi zipatso za chiboliboli chozungulira, mtundu umene umafanana ndi chokoleti chakuda (zosiyana zimasiyana ndi zofiira zofiira kuti zikhale zofiira), ndi zonyezimira komanso zamagazi zakuda. Misa yawo imakwana kufika 500 g. Olemba ambiri a ndemanga kuti tomato wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yabwino kwambiri ndipo ndi oyenera kudulidwa, saladi, sauces ndi timadziti. Monga osayenerera, ogula amachitcha kuti chipatsochi chimatha kusweka.

"Negro" imakula m'katikati mwa malo obiriwira. Bzalani mbeu mmasiku 45-60 musanayambe kutuluka, malingana ndi kukula kwake. Mtunda pakati pa chitsamba uyenera kukhala pafupifupi 50 cm, garter ndilololedwa. Mapangidwe amapezeka mu 1 kapena 2 zimayambira. Kawirikawiri chitsamba chimafika kutalika kwa mamita awiri. Zimayankha bwino kudyetsa. Zokolola za zosiyanasiyana zimadzafika makilogalamu 4 ku chitsamba chimodzi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ya gawo lopsa. Zipatso zimakololedwa pa tsiku la 110.

Black Elephant

Nthanga zamitundu yosiyanasiyana "njovu zakuda" ndizozigawo zapakati-kucha ndipo zimakonzedwa kuti zikule muzipinda za mafilimu komanso pamalo otseguka. Zimakhala zosadalirika, zofuna kupanga mapangidwe ndi garters. Inflorescence yoyamba nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pamwamba pa masamba 8-9. Mawere omaliza - kudzera m'mapepala atatu. Mtundu wa fetus okhwima ndi wofiira ndi wofiirira, wolemera ndi 180-350 g. Shrub ndi yaing'ono, masamba a olemba amatchedwa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo "mbatata".

Kukhalitsa kokolola koyamba kumachitika tsiku la 110. Zokolola za zipatso - mpaka 3 makilogalamu pa chitsamba. Malinga ndi ndemanga, tomato wa "njovu yakuda" zosiyanasiyana ndi chokoma kwambiri, kusungunuka pang'ono. Zimasiyana ndi khungu lopanda kanthu komanso mnofu. "Njovu Zazikulu" zimaonedwa kuti ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi malo otseguka, ngakhale kuti ambiri amapeza zotsatira zabwino komanso akamakula m'mafilimu.

Olemba a malangizi amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito tomato za zosiyanasiyana zatsopano kapena saladi. Malingana ndi anthu a m'nyengo ya chilimwe, iwo sali oyenera chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa khungu lofewa.

Kutsiliza

Fans ya tomato wakuda sali ochepa okha. Pakalipano, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipatso zakuda imaperekedwa kwa iwo. Tomato wakuda amadziwika ndi kukoma kodabwitsa ndi chuma chapadera cha zinthu zothandiza thanzi laumunthu. Mbewu ya mitundu yonse ilipo kwa kugulitsa kwaulere.