Zimayambitsa Dziko Lonse Yoyamba

Mayiko woyamba nawo First World nkhondo, anakhala Serbia ndi Austria-Hungary. Events mpaka chiyambi cha nkhondo, chinali kuphedwa kwa Archduke Franz Ferdinand wa ku Austria. Pambuyo pake, boma la Austria-Hungary kwa nthawi yaitali anatsogolera zokambirana mmene kutenga Serbia. Komanso, mbali Austria mukusautsika kukula kwa gawo Chisebiya m'nthawi ya 1912-1913. chifukwa cha Balkan nkhondo, ndi kuopseza kuti anabwera kuchokera South Asilavo. Mfundo ina sanawauze mpumulo: ngati Russia kuti uku ndi Serbia. Pofuna kupewa izi, kunali koyenera tipezekemo thandizo la Germany. Zomalizira Austria-Hungary anali angakuthandizeni Zimatheka, choncho Mulimonsemo sangathe anachoka mu vuto.

Mu 1913, Russia sanathe kuthandiza Serbia, amene ankafunika thandizo lake kupulumutsa zikuchitika ku Adriatic, ndipo mu 1914, popanda m'malo a popezera mpata sikhala, Russia ankafuna kufooketsa kukopa kwake mu Balkans.

Zimayambitsa ndi khalidwe la First World nkhondo anali mu mkhalidwe yomangika lonse. Germany ankadziwa kuti nkhondo ndipo amavutika. Unknown anali zotheka. Ndipotu, m'pofunika kusankha nthawi yabwino, pamene mu Russia wakhala sichimaperekedwa kukonzanso, mu France - ndi ziŵalo asilikali, osati zinasaina opindulitsa apanyanja mgwirizano pakati pa Britain ndi Russia. Choncho, mbali German akhoza kuonedwa chiyambi cha nkhondo ngati njira yokhayo kukwaniritsa kulamulira dziko lonse lapansi.

chifukwa panali First World nkhondo ndi mtundu mikono, imene maulamuliro onse aakulu anali nawo. Palibe boma sanali mantha ndi mphamvu za asilikali ena, kotero mfundo imeneyi sangatengedwe kukhala monga cholepheretsa munthu. Dziko nafuna kukuza kupanga yakeyake manja osati kwenikweni mantha adani asilikali pulogalamu. Zingatanthauze kuti Britain anayenera abwerere pamaso pa German mphamvu yosiya, koma iye ankafuna wamphamvu awo ndi kupeza nyanja ukulu pa mtengo uliwonse.

Choncho, ndi 1914, zimayambitsa nkhondo World ine kwambiri, iwo mwaimika anthu padziko lonse kuti kuzindikira kuti nkhondo n'zosapeŵeka. France chifukwa cha 1870 nkhondo anakhalabe kusakhutira ndi imfa ya madera a Alsace ndi Lorraine, Germany, M'malo mwake, anali wokhutitsidwa ndi udindo wake, kumverera ukulu asilikali m'mayiko ena ku Ulaya. Komanso, mapeto a XIX m'ma zinali zodzaza ndi kumvetsa kufunika kwa ufulu wa dziko mu mayiko kuti anaopseza kuti kuli anapitiriza wa Ottoman ndi Habsburg maufumu ndi, monga Motero, zinachititsa Kusakhazikika mu dongosolo lonse.

Zimayambitsa nkhondo World Ine, monga otsatira a chiphunzitso Marxist, anali ndi maganizo odana nafe pakati Junkers ndi Russian Mwenechiroache mundu. Iwo anawonjezera kwambiri mndandanda wa prerequisites ena: pomenyera chitsulo ndi malasha, njanji, muzochitika wanzeru, amene ankawalamulira, kusemphana dziko. Palibe udindo zosafuni- ndi udindo wa umunthu mu mbiri. Mwachitsanzo, Pulezidenti French Anri Puankare anakhala ubwana wake m'dera la Lorraine, omwe anali kulamulidwa ndi dziko la Germany. Zimenezi sanathe koma bwanji tsogolo zochitika m'mbiri.

Zimayambitsa nkhondo World Ndimakumbukirabe zimayambitsa mu mfundo zotsatirazi. Russia mu ulamuliro wa Nicholas II anavutika kusuntha katundu kudzera pa Bosporus ndi Dardanelles, ndi chifukwa kuti zinawonongeka kwambiri chuma. Ankafunika kumasula kubwereketsa ndi polowera ku Nyanja Black monga katundu yaikulu ya tirigu anadutsa Constantinople. Ndi 1904, pakati Russia ndi France analenga mgwirizano otchedwa anapanga Entente. Patapita zaka zingapo, Russia anasaina mgwirizano ndi Britain pa Kudulidwa Kwamalile A Malo muzochitika za chikoka m'mayiko monga Afghanistan, Persia ndi Tibet. Ngakhale kufika mgwirizano pakati pa adani 1907 akhoza kukhala monga gulu lankhondo, amene sakhoza anati kwa anapanga Alliance. zithandiza Entente anapeza yekha mu 1914 pambuyo kusaina pangano chapatatu pakati Russia, Britain ndi France, kuti waive choyenera kunena mtendere osiyana ndi adani.

Awa anali zimayambitsa yaikulu ya Dziko Lonse Yoyamba, yomwe inayamba July 28, 1914.