Zoweta ndi achilendo mfundo Olega Veschego

Old Russian boma - chopunthira cha chikhalidwe European. Zinali kumuyamikila kuti Asilavo East akhala wotchuka padziko lonse ndipo adalowa maina awo kwa zaka zambiri. boma linakhazikitsidwa ndi anthu ochokera Scandinavia. Iwo anabweretsa pa nthaka ya Ukrainians ano, chikhalidwe kumpoto, malamulo ndi chitsanzo cha dongosolo boma. kuloŵerera amenewa si pachabe, kumapeto kwa IX ndi chiyambi cha X m'ma Old Russian boma kunali kofanana ndi mbadwa ya chachikulu Roma - Byzantium.

Old Russian boma ndipo olamulira ake

Ndondomeko n'kale lonse nthawi za zinachita chifukwa cha ntchito za wakale akalonga Russian amene anayesetsa kulera dziko lawo mlingo watsopano. Chinachake nzotheka kuti ena satero. Lero tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti, mu zinthu akalonga oyambirira a mtundu wa Rurik, maziko nayikidwa kwa zina "kugonjetsa" malo dzuwa. Tikumbukenso kuti mfundo mkati ndi kunja kwa akalonga aakulu ikuchitika chikhalidwe cha feuds zonse ndi mafuko ena Asilavo ndi mabomba a mafuko woyendayendawu. About Akalonga zinthu zingakhale nthawi yayitali kunena, koma mmodzi wa iwo ayenera kudziwa ambiri anzeru ndi bwino mawu a atasemphana ndale.

Kalonga Oleg ndi ndani?

Munthu chidwi kwambiri ndi chimodzimodzi wosamvetsetseka mbiri lonse ndi woyamba kwambiri Prince Oleg. ziganizo zokhudza zimakhala sanakhale ndi moyo. chithunzi chakale cha kalonga zachokera "nthano ya makedzana Zaka" ndi "Novgorod Chronicle", komanso nkhani zokhudza ntchito zake lodziwika bwino ndi zomwe kuchititsa ndondomeko mkati ndi achilendo. Oleg angayerekezedwe ndi mtsogoleri wamkulu Attila ndi Hun, popeza moyo wake wonse anali sikukudziŵika.

Oleg Origin

Pakali pano, pali maganizo ziwiri zikuluzikulu za chiyambi cha Oleg. Aliyense wa iwo kwake m'masiku awiri otchuka: "Novgorod" ndi "The nthano ya makedzana Zaka". Komabe, chifukwa khamu lonse la mawu kuperekedwa ku zolembedwazi wakale, n'zotheka kusankha ngale ambiri zomveka, amene ali ndi udindo kwa osachepera pang'ono kwa ife za maonekedwe pa siteji Oleg mbiri zisudzo za Old boma Russian.

Zoweta ndi achilendo Politika Olega anali kwakukulukulu chifukwa chiyambi chake ananena. Malinga ndi mbiri, nthano, Oleg anafika wakale dziko Russian pamodzi ndi Rurik. Pambuyo pa imfa yake, Oleg anayamba kulamulira monga regent zazing'ono mwana Rurik. asayansi amakono komabe sanali kudziwa chifukwa chake munthu wina wosadziwika tsogolo Prince anali ndi udindo ngati mkulu. Kumeneko ndi nthano. Woyamba akuti Oleg anali wachibale wa Rurik, ndipo chachiwiri limatiuza za malo apamwamba pafupi mtsogoleri Scandinavia kazembe. Lang'anani, gulu la Grand Duke kumayambira chaka 882.

Zoweta ndi achilendo Politika Olega

Kamodzi mphamvu, kalonga wayamba kugonjetsa mafuko onse amene anali kulimbana kapena kusamvera. Ngakhale Oleg anali kalonga wa Novgorod ndi Kiev si monga yotsirizira anakhala Askold ndi Dir. Mkati kalonga anatha kugonjetsa ambiri a mafuko Asilavo, womwe nkhondo yopitirira kwa zaka zingapo Slovenia, kuuluka, Chud, Meyrueis ndi Krivichy. Pamodzi ndi asilikali a mafuko nkhondo Scandinavia Grand Duke Oleg n'kuyamba pansi Dnieper. Mu ntchito imeneyi, iye anatha analanda mizinda ngati Smolensk ndi Ljubech.

Zotsatirazi zochitika izi, zilibe kupweteka kupita ku Kiev. Koma kalonga sanatenge mzinda ndi atazunguliridwa ndi asilikali sanagwiritse ntchito njira zina. Oleg ntchito mochenjera. Iye anaitana Askold ndi Dir kukumana kunja kwa mpanda wa mzinda. Inayambitsa wolowa nyumba weniweni, Prince Rurik - Igor, kenako anapha akalonga Kievan. Pamenepo utsogoleri wawo mu mzinda pa Dnieper inatha. N'chifukwa chiyani Prince a Novgorod anachitadi zimenezo, palibe aliyense akudziwa.

Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo Oleg ogwirizana kumpoto ndi kum'mawa Russia, polenga Old Russian boma, Kievan Yairo, kapena monga patchedwa. Zoweta ndi achilendo ndondomeko ya Prince Oleg zinali zochokera kukwaniritsa pazipita zabwino kwa Russia. Pa nthawi yomweyo anapita pa ambiri "kufika," ngati kunena kotero, masitepe mmene mfundo.

yokopa Byzantine

Malangizo waukulu mfundo zoweta ndi achilendo kwa Prince Oleg analinso chifukwa tiganizira munthu Prince, za udindo kusintha kwa zinthu Kievan Lazaro. Chopereka waukulu kwa mfundo mkati chinapangidwa pa mapeto a m'zaka IX, pamene Oleg a Novgorod ndi Kiev amaphatikizidwa mu boma limodzi. zochitika wotsatira amasonyeza cholinga Prince opotoka ku mayiko pang'onopang'ono kwa nthawi imeneyo.

Maritime mnansi Russia pa nthawi imeneyo anali olemera ndiponso dziko Byzantium. Poganizira zoopsa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, kufuna ngati mdani, Oleg wasankha kupita ku nkhondo ndi dziko lino. kampeni zinachitika koyamba mu 907. Malinga ndi nthano ina, iye anali mmodzi wa ambiri yaikulu kwambiri. Ndiyeno inawonongedwa bodza invincibility ndi mphamvuzonse wa Byzantium. Pamene Grand Prince a Novgorod ndi Kiev ankhomera chishango chake kwa makomo a Constantinople, izo chinali chiyambi cha nyengo yatsopano. Monga ndale, chifukwa chigonjetso Kievan Yairo pa Byzantine unali yojambula weniweni. Malinga ndi pangano anamaliza ndi Oleg mu 907, wolemera mnansi Asilavo boma unkayenera kupereka iye msonkho. Komanso, free malonda yakhala akhazikitsidwa onsewo. Popeza Byzantium sanasiye kuopa ndi kulemekeza Kievan Lazaro.

Mu 911, kalonga atumiza asilikali kulibe, ndiye kuwonjezera mtendere ndi kulemba pangano latsopano. Mu zinali ngakhale zinthu zabwino kwambiri kwa amalonda wakale ndi boma Russian wonse.

Choncho, taona kuti zoweta ndi achilendo ndondomeko ya Prince Oleg alembedwa mbiri mothandizidwa ndi zochita lodziwika bwino. Grand Duke anaika maziko a nyengo yatsopano ndi kaphatikizidwe nkhondo ndi ndale. Ndi chifukwa cha wolamulira woyamba wa Kiev anaika maziko kanthu zina akalonga wakale. Choncho, zoweta ndi achilendo Politika Olega chinamuthandiza zimalimbikitsa dzina lake, komanso kumanga lalikulu ndi laulemerero boma la Kievan Lazaro.