Valois (Mafumu). History of France

Valois - mzera wa mafumu French. Amaona tate wa m'bale wake wa Philip IV Fair Charles IV. Mu buku lino tikambirana oimira otchuka Valois House.

Banja Tree Valois

Kalekale France m'dera la chigawo cha Ile-de-France anali County ka Valois. Ndi X atumwi anakhala likulu la Crepy-en-Valois. Poyamba, County a nyumba Carolingian ndi kudutsa zimasonyeza mzere wamng'ono.

Mu 1285 m'mayiko anali malo a m'bale wake wa Philip IV Fair - Charles IV. Amaona tate wa nyumba ya Valois.

Mu 1382 mphamvu France anadza kwa mwana wa Charles - Philippe VI. Iye anali ndi ana 10, amene anapulumuka ana 2 yokha ndi 1 mwana wamkazi. Mwana wachitatu wa Philip VI John II Good anakhala mfumu ya France mu 1350. Iye analamulira boma la 1364. m'malo mwake anali Carl anzeru - mmodzi mwa mafumu otchuka akale France.

nthambi Valois

Valois mafumu ali nthambi 7:

• Nthambi ya Atsogoleri Akuimira Ndani wa Alençon - amachokera mkulu French a Charles II. County Alanson nyumba inali kum'mwera kwa dziko, mu Duchy ya Normandy.
• Nthambi ya Duke wa Anjou - amachokera John II wolowa Good Louis I. Mu malo a kwawo kwa chiwerengero cha dziko kunja boma, makamaka Ufumu wa Naples. Anjou nthambi pafupifupi zinatha mu 1480 atamwalira René wa Anjou.
• Nthambi ya Atsogoleri Akuimira Ndani wa Berry - amachokera m'malo a John II ya Jean Good ine ndikutanthauza. Land wokwatibwa ndi banja, yomwe ili m'chigawo chapakati cha France (mbiri Berry dera lomwe likulu lake ku Bourges). Nthambi anamwalira mu 1461.
• Nthambi ya Atsogoleri Akuimira Ndani wa Burgundy - amachokera Philip II molimba mtima. Valois mafumu analamulira m'mayiko a Burgundy kuchokera 1363. Dera a banja, ali kukodzedwa kwambiri zikomo kwa Filipo Mnthawi. Iye anali wokhoza kuti agwirizane ndi County wa Artois, Rethel, Flanders ndi m'madera ena.
• Nthambi ya Atsogoleri Akuimira Ndani wa Brabant - linakhazikitsidwa ndi Achikulire ya Filipo olandira Mnthawi. Iwo petered mu 1430.
• Nthambi ya Atsogoleri Akuimira Ndani wa Nevers - anakhazikitsidwa mu 1401.
• Nthambi ya Atsogoleri Akuimira Ndani wa Orleans - wotchuka kwambiri banja nyumba ya Valois. Mafumu anakwera wachifumu ndi Louis XII. Nthambi pafupifupi zinatha mu 1515.
• Nthambi ya Atsogoleri Akuimira Ndani wa Angouleme - amachokera wolandira Louis Orleanskogo Zhana.

Philip VI Board

Philip VI anakwera wachifumu French mu 1328. Mwini wake unasamutsidwa boma lamphamvu kwambiri ku Ulaya. Chinthu choyamba wolamulira kumene osankhidwa anali nkhondo Flanders. Asilikali France anatsutsa communes wa chigawocho lapansi. Philip VI anali kukonzanso mphamvu Flanders m'manja wake Louis.

Posapita nthawi, nkhondo latsopano kwachitika, limene inasanduka nkhondo protracted. Mu ulamuliro wa Philip VI zonena zawo mpando wachifumu France patsogolo Edward III. Mu 1337, anagwira limodzi Flemish chilumba. Zimene zinachitikazi nthawi kuti chiyambi cha zaka mazana nkhondo. Za nkhondo zofunika za nkhondo ife kufotokoza pansipa.

Pa moyo wa Philip VI, asilikali French anagonja mofatsa Cressy ndi Calais. wolamulira asilikali anayesa zoperewerazo kulephera kwa kupeza Dauphin ndi Montpellier.

Mu 1350, Philip VI anafa. French wachifumu zapita mwana wake John II Wabwino.

The zinthu zofunika kwambiri kwa gawo loyamba la zaka mazana 'Nkhondo

Valois - mafumu, amene anagwa pa tsoka la m'mavuto. The zankhondo ndiponso zandale zochitika lalikulu kwambiri zikuchitika mu ulamuliro wake, anali zaka mazana nkhondo. Pankhondoyi kwa zaka 116. Taganizirani nkhondo ndi zochitika gawo loyamba la zaka mazana nkhondo yomwe inachitika mu ulamuliro wa Philip VI zofunika:

• 1340 - panyanja Nkhondo ya Sluis, imene inatha ndi kugonjetsedwa lathunthu la zombo French.
• Chaka 1341-1364 - nkhondo ya Chiburetoni Kusinthana. nkhondo inayambika pakati pa udindo wa Blois ndi Montfort. Komabe mikangano sanali m'deralo. Kumbali ya adani a nthawi anali ku France ndi Britain akuluakulu. Mtendere yosainidwa yekha mu 1365. Mkulu wa Duchy la Brittany anali Zhan De Montfort.
• 1346 - British adani a Caen asilikali Normandy.
• 1347 - kugonjetsedwa kwa French pa Nkhondo ya Calais.
• 1351 - wotchuka "Nkhondo ya makumi atatu." Ichi ndi chimodzi nkhondo kwambiri za mbali yoyamba ya zaka mazana nkhondo.

John II Komiti Good

John II Good analowa mbiri ya France ngati wolungama ndi wolimba wolamulira. Olandira Filipo VI anayamba kulamulira mu 1350. John kwenikweni anakula ndi kukhwima mu nkhondo. N'chifukwa chake, adatenga mpando wachifumu French, bwanamkubwa akuyesetsa zonse kupambana zaka mazana nkhondo. John II Good allocates limanena yaikulu kubwezeretsedwa kwa asilikali ndi kukhazikitsa bata m'dzikoli. Dziwani kuti tinabadwa ndi unenviable: mbali yaikulu ya boma adzawonongedwa pa nkhondo, m'madera ambiri anali kulamulidwa ndi anthu a ku Britain ndi asilikali wofooka kwambiri.

Mu 1355, Britain anayambiranso nkhondo France. Mwana wa Edward III, amene ankatchedwa Black Prince, atalanda dera la mdani. Mu 1356, gulu lankhondo la French zowawa linagonja mu Nkhondo ya Poitiers. Pa ntchito analandidwa John II Good.

Mu 1360, Mfumu anabwerera kwawo, kusiya English monga chikole cha mwana wake. Komabe, zaka zingapo zitatha m'malo John anathawa. mfumu anakakamizika kubwerera ku London. Pasanapite Atafika ku England, John II Good anafa.

Karl V Board Anzeru

Charles V anzeru anakwera wachifumu French mu 1364. Kumayambiriro kwa ulamuliro wa mfumu achinyamata anali ndi mavuto ambiri: asilikali anagonjetsedwa, chuma ndi pafupifupi kanthu, ndipo dziko zinawonongeka ndi zaka zambiri nkhondo. Pa nkhani imeneyi, Charles V anayamba kusintha dongosolo BOMA. Akamanena za ntchito yakeyi inali siyana mphamvu ndi yoika a misonkho yaitali. Ndiyamika zaluso m'munda wa misonkho anali wokhoza kuti abwezeretse mphamvu ya asilikali a ku France.

Mu 1368 Nkhondo pakati England ndi ku France anayambiranso. Kudzera mapangano ndi ziphuphu anamasulidwa madera ambiri a boma. Mu chigawo cha British tabadwa Bayonne ndi Bordeaux.

Ulamuliro wa Charles IX

Carl IX - wolamulira penultimate wa State French wa Valois mafumu. Mwana Ekateriny Medichi ndi Henry II. Ulamuliro wa Charles IX la France anapita mu mbiri monga nthawi ya nkhondo zachipembedzo. Iwo anali kukangana nthaŵi yaitali Akatolika lotsogoledwa ndi banja lachifumu ndi Huguenots (Achiprotestanti, otsatira Zhana Kalvina).

Mwambo waukulu, umene unali wotchuka ndi ulamuliro wa Charles IX, anali St. Bartholomew. Chinapangitsa kuti imfa ya zikwi Huguenots mmizinda French.

Atangoyamba kuphedwa kwa St. Bartholomew, mu 1574, mfumuyo inafa. Anakwera wachifumu French ndi m'bale wake Henry III.

Valois - mafumu, amene anasiya chizindikiro yofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya France. N'chifukwa chake, kulankhula nyumba yachifumu tikumbukire a Mfumukazi Margot.

Tsoka la Mfumukazi Margot

Margarita Valua analowa mbiri ya France monga Koroleva Margo. ndi tsoka la mayi ameneyu kodi?

Margarita Valua anali mwana wamng'ono Ekateriny Medichi ndi Henry II. Childhood ndi unyamata ntsikana nthawi yovuta mbiri French - nthawi ya nkhondo zachipembedzo. Mu 1572, achinyamata Margaret anakwatira mmodzi wa atsogoleri Protestant - Henry wa Bourbon. Zazikulu oimira ukwati mabanja odana inatha mwambo yamagazi kwambiri mu mbiriyakale ya akale France - usiku St. Bartholomew a. Margaret anatha kupulumutsa moyo wa mwamuna wake ndi Huguenots ochepa. Ekaterina Medichi anapereka mtsikana chisudzulo ndi Henry wa Navarre, koma iye anakana. Patapita zaka zochepa atakwatirana komabe anali kusungunuka ndi Papa chifukwa chosoŵa Margarita.